Gold nanowire electrodes in array: Simulation study and experiments

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dc.contributor.authorWahl, Amélie
dc.contributor.authorDawson, Karen
dc.contributor.authorMacHale, John
dc.contributor.authorBarry, Seán T.
dc.contributor.authorQuinn, Aidan J.
dc.contributor.authorO'Riordan, Alan
dc.contributor.funderHigher Education Authorityen
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Commission
dc.date.accessioned2014-09-01T14:43:30Z
dc.date.available2014-09-01T14:43:30Z
dc.date.issued2013-04-15
dc.date.updated2013-04-26T12:56:56Z
dc.description.abstractRecent developments in nanofabrication have enabled fabrication of robust and reproducible nanoelectrodes with enhanced performance, when compared to microelectrodes. A hybrid electron beam/photolithography technique is shown that permits gold nanowire array electrodes to be routinely fabricated at reasonable cost. Fabricated devices include twelve gold nanowire working electrode arrays, an on-chip gold counter electrode and an on-chip platinum pseudo reference electrode. Using potential sweep techniques, these nanowires exhibit measurable currents in the nanoAmpere regime and display steady-state voltammograms even at very high scan rates (5000 mV.s-1) indicative of fast analyte mass transport to the electrode. Nanowire electrode arrays offer the potential for enhancements in electroanalysis including: increased signal to noise ratio and increased sensitivity while also allowing quantitative detection at much lower concentrations. However, to achieve this goal a full understanding of the diffusion profiles existing at nanowire arrays is required. To this end, we simulate the effects of altering inter-electrode separations on analyte diffusion for a range of scan rates at nanowire electrode arrays, and perform the corresponding experiments. We show that arrays with diffusionally independent concentration profiles demonstrate superior electrochemical performance compared to arrays with overlapping diffusion profiles when employing sweep voltammetric techniques. By contrast, we show that arrays with diffusionally overlapping profiles exhibit enhanced performance when employing step voltammetric techniques.en
dc.description.sponsorshipHigher Education Authority (PRTLI programs (Cycle 3 “Nanoscience” and Cycle 4 “INSPIRE"); Science Foundation Ireland (Research Frontiers Programme (SFI/09/RFP/CAP2455)), European Commission (FP7 Security Project CommonSense (261809) and FP7 ICT project “Nanofunction” (257375));en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationWAHL, A., DAWSON, K., MACHALE, J., BARRY, S., QUINN, A. J. & O'RIORDAN, A. 2013. Gold nanowire electrodes in array: simulation study and experiments. Faraday Discussions, 164, 377-390. DOI10.1039/C3FD00025Gen
dc.identifier.doi10.1039/C3FD00025G
dc.identifier.endpage390en
dc.identifier.issn1359-6640
dc.identifier.journaltitleFaraday Discussionsen
dc.identifier.startpage377en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/1642
dc.identifier.volume164en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherThe Royal Society of Chemistryen
dc.rights© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013en
dc.subjectGold nanowire electrode arraysen
dc.subjectNanofabricationen
dc.titleGold nanowire electrodes in array: Simulation study and experimentsen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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