Archaeology - Journal Articles

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Early ecclesiastical sites in Scotland: a field survey, Part 1
(Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1968-11-30) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.; Laing, Lloyd
Early ecclesiastical sites in Scotland: a field survey, Part II
(Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1970-11-30) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
Literary and archaeological evidence is collected together for 30 early ecclesiastical sites in Scotland north of Tay. A Pictish symbol stone from Navidale (Sutherland), a fragmentary cross-shaft from Kirkmuirhill (Lanarkshire) and a cross-slab from Dull (Perthshire) are described and discussed.
Excavations at Lochmaben Castle, Dumfriesshire
(Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1975-11-30) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.; Laing, Lloyd
On ‘Papar’ names in north and west Scotland
(Scottish Society for Northern Studies, 1977) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
Gaelic Cill (Kil(l)-) in Scottish Place-Names
(Ulster Place Name Society, 1979) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
Caiseal, Cathair, Dùn, Lios and Ràth in Scotland, I: Dùn
(Ulster Place Name Society, 1981) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
Caiseal, Cathair, Dùn, Lios and Ràth in Scotland, II: Rath
(Ulster Place Name Society, 1982) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
Notes on Scots Clachan
(Ulster Place Name Society, 1987) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
Caiseal, Cathair, Dùn, Lios and Ràth in Scotland, III: Lios
(Ulster Place Name Society, 1987) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
Coiled armrings: an Hiberno-Viking silver arm-ring type
(Wordwell Ltd; Institute of Archaeologists of Ireland, 1991-01) Sheehan, John; National University of Ireland; Royal Irish Academy
The purpose of this paper is to isolate and discuss a distinctive type of Hiberno-Viking silver armring. Here termed the 'coiled armring', it is dated to the late ninth/early tenth centuries. The methods of manufacture, ornamentation, date and origins of the type are discussed and the objects are assessed against the background of hoard-associated material and related types of silver armrings. A descriptive catalogue of the material is provided.
Notes on monastic archaeology and the Annals of Ulster, 650-1050
(Four Courts Press, 1994-06) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
A Fruit Tree at Durrow
(Region of the Isles of the Cistercian Order of the Strict Observance, 1997) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
When were St Columba’s corporeal relics enshrined?
(Region of the Isles of the Cistercian Order of the Strict Observance, 1998) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
The Early Christian and later medieval ecclesiastical site at St Blane's Kingarth, Bute
(Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1999-11-30) Laing, Lloyd; Laing, Jennifer; Longley, David; MacDonald, Aidan D. S.; Àrainneachd Eachdraidheil Alba; John and Ruth Howard Charitable Trust, Scotland; Dr J N Marshall Island Of Bute Memorial Trust, Scotland
A reappraisal of the Early Christian monastic site of St Blane's, Kingarth, Isle of Bute, began in 1997. Following a week of field survey including geophysical work a limited area was excavated which had previously been investigated in 1896, south-west of the present churchyard, as well as one small cutting adjacent to the south-east corner of the churchyard. The documentary and other evidence for the early monastery is discussed and the results of both episodes of archaeological work — in 1896 and 1997 — are described. Discusses the 1896 and 1997 archaeological investigations of the monastery and associated structures and reviews the literature and documentation related to the foundation dating back to the sixth century. Comparisons are drawn with Whithorn, Galloway, in terms of the layout of the monastic complex . A D S Macdonald writes on `Early Kingarth' (553--5).
St Molaga and Leaba Molaga
(2000) MacDonald, Aidan D. S.
A Viking Age maritime haven: a reassessment of the island settlement at Beginish, Co. Kerry
(Wordwell Ltd; Institute of Archaeologists of Ireland, 2001-01) Sheehan, John; Stummann Hansen, Steffen; Ó Corráin, Donnchadh
The results of O'Kelly’s excavations on Beginish Island are reassessed and it is proposed that there was a long-lived settlement there that functioned as a Viking-age maritime way-station. This re-evaluation is conducted in the light of recent scholarship on the nature of Scandinavian and Hiberno-Scandinavian settlement in Ireland and, in part, is based on the finds that have emerged on Beginish since the conclusion of the excavations there. The site is considered in the context of its location on the sea route that joined Hiberno-Scandinavian Cork with Limerick, and it is suggested that other such way-stations await.
Habitual masonry styles and the local organisation of church building in early medieval Ireland
(Royal Irish Academy, 2005-07) Ó Carragáin, Tomás; Irish Research Council for Humanities and Social Sciences
The results of a masonry analysis of the majority of Irish pre-Romanesque churches are presented. A number of local styles are identified in high-density areas, mostly in the west of the country and it is shown that the differences between these styles were not determined by geology. It is argued that these styles represent habitual variation and are therefore indicative of local groups of masons working over a relatively short period of time. This assessment is supported by an analysis of stone supply that suggests that quarrying was organised in an ad hoc manner to supply local needs. These churches are normally placed within a broad timeframe spanning the tenth to early-twelfth centuries but a number of factors combine to suggest that the habitual styles are a relatively late development, perhaps mainly from the mid-eleventh century onwards. Some of the implications of this proposed refinement of the existing chronology are briefly discussed.
Regional variation in Irish pre-Romanesque architecture
(Cambridge University Press, The Society of Antiquaries of London, 2005-07) Ó Carragáin, Tomás; Irish Research Council for Humanities and Social Sciences
This paper demonstrates that the five Irish early medieval church types have markedly differential distributions. In particular, most of those with antae are in the east, while most of those without antae are in the west. It is shown that this regionalism cannot be interpreted as a deliberate strategy of material differentiation on the part of particular politico-cultural groups. A reconsideration of the chronology suggests that many of the antae-less churches are relatively late, and so the division is primarily indicative of differences in the period and rate of mortared church construction, something that is influenced by both environmental and cultural factors. It is suggested that differences in church dimensions between east and west are indicative of subtle economic differences; and a range of archaeological evidence is used to sketch other economic and cultural variations. These patterns highlight the importance of exploring regionality, even when studying relatively cohesive entities such as early medieval Ireland.
The Leirvik 'Bonhústoftin' and the Early Christianity of the Faroe Islands, and beyond.
(Archaeologia Islandica, 2006-01) Sheehan, John; Stummann Hansen, Steffen; University College Cork; Nordic Research Council for the Humanities (NOS-H)
The best-preserved early church site on the Faroe Islands, locally known as Bønhústoftin (English: prayer-house ruin), is located in the settlement of Leirvík on the island of Eysturoy. Although the site is well known it has neither been the subject of a proper archaeological survey nor has it ever been included in discussions of the nature of early Christianity in the Faroe Islands. The site was recently surveyed and described by the authors, and the results of this work are presented here. Other sites of related type, both in the Faroe Islands and elsewhere, are identified and the archaeological and historical contexts within which these sites should be considered, including the evidence from Toftanes and Skúvoy, are discussed.
New light on early Insular monasteries
(Antiquity Publications Ltd., 2009-09) Ó Carragáin, Tomás

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