INFANT Research Centre - Conference Items

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    Validation of an automated seizure detection algorithm for term neonates
    (Elsevier, 2015-05-09) Mathieson, Sean R.; Stevenson, Nathan J.; Low, Evonne; Marnane, William P.; Rennie, Janet M.; Temko, Andriy; Lightbody, Gordon; Boylan, Geraldine B.; Wellcome Trust; Science Foundation Ireland
    Objective: The objective of this study was to validate the performance of a seizure detection algorithm (SDA) developed by our group, on previously unseen, prolonged, unedited EEG recordings from 70 babies from 2 centres. Methods: EEGs of 70 babies (35 seizure, 35 non-seizure) were annotated for seizures by experts as the gold standard. The SDA was tested on the EEGs at a range of sensitivity settings. Annotations from the expert and SDA were compared using event and epoch based metrics. The effect of seizure duration on SDA performance was also analysed. Results: Between sensitivity settings of 0.5 and 0.3, the algorithm achieved seizure detection rates of 52.6–75.0%, with false detection (FD) rates of 0.04–0.36 FD/h for event based analysis, which was deemed to be acceptable in a clinical environment. Time based comparison of expert and SDA annotations using Cohen’s Kappa Index revealed a best performing SDA threshold of 0.4 (Kappa 0.630). The SDA showed improved detection performance with longer seizures. Conclusion: The SDA achieved promising performance and warrants further testing in a live clinical evaluation. Significance: The SDA has the potential to improve seizure detection and provide a robust tool for comparing treatment regimens.
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    Designing effective theory for research impact
    (2016-01-15) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi
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    In-depth performance analysis of an EEG based neonatal seizure detection algorithm
    (Elsevier, 2016-02-21) Mathieson, Sean; Rennie, Janet; Livingstone, Vicki; Temko, Andriy; Low, Evonne; Pressler, R. M.; Boylan, Geraldine B.; Wellcome Trust; Science Foundation Ireland
    Objective: To describe a novel neurophysiology based performance analysis of automated seizure detection algorithms for neonatal EEG to characterize features of detected and non-detected seizures and causes of false detections to identify areas for algorithmic improvement. Methods: EEGs of 20 term neonates were recorded (10 seizure, 10 non-seizure). Seizures were annotated by an expert and characterized using a novel set of 10 criteria. ANSeR seizure detection algorithm (SDA) seizure annotations were compared to the expert to derive detected and non-detected seizures at three SDA sensitivity thresholds. Differences in seizure characteristics between groups were compared using univariate and multivariate analysis. False detections were characterized. Results: The expert detected 421 seizures. The SDA at thresholds 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 detected 60%, 54% and 45% of seizures. At all thresholds, multivariate analyses demonstrated that the odds of detecting seizure increased with 4 criteria: seizure amplitude, duration, rhythmicity and number of EEG channels involved at seizure peak. Major causes of false detections included respiration and sweat artefacts or a highly rhythmic background, often during intermediate sleep. Conclusion: This rigorous analysis allows estimation of how key seizure features are exploited by SDAs. Significance: This study resulted in a beta version of ANSeR with significantly improved performance.
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    Four steps to designing initiatives with real impact
    (2016-03-03) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi
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    Applying design thinking
    (2016-06-30) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi
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    Four steps to designing research with real impact
    (2016-10-07) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi
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    A typology for organizational ICT practice
    (University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2017-01) McCarthy, Stephen; O'Raghallaigh, Paidi; Fitzgerald, Ciara; Adam, Frédéric; Science Foundation Ireland
    This paper sets out a typology for organizational ICT practice in order to derive a more holistic perspective of sociomateriality and its constituent elements (i.e. humans, objects, and practice). Seminal literature by Parsons and Bourdieu is combined with sociomateriality literature in order to offer insights into the factors that need to be investigated when conducting research into organizational ICT practice. The outlined typology is evaluated through an empirical case study of a connected health ICT project to show how the dimensions of the typology come together and contribute to a better understanding.
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    Responsible innovation in messy trans-disciplinary projects
    (2017-05-19) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi
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    Lessons from trying to innovate in the age of digital disruption
    (2017-05-31) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi
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    Sociomateriality: an object inspired proposal for IS scholars
    (AIS Electronic Library (AISeL), 2017-06) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi; McCarthy, Stephen; Adam, Frédéric; Science Foundation Ireland
    The ideas presented in this paper have emerged from our curiosity about how technological objects might be leveraged as more than mere evidence in IS research. As constructions of a particular time and place, objects can tell us a great deal about the people, organisations and cultures that produced and used them. Objects reflect the values, beliefs and activities of those people, organisations, and cultures. But many IS scholars following a sociomaterial agenda continue to see objects as no more than background facts that play a supporting role in our research. There is little guidance in the IS literature on how objects might participate more directly and fully in our research and how we as scholars should engage with them. In this paper, we present an object-inspired perspective largely drawn from the material culture literature where we engage with objects as the units of observation. We discuss what this might contribute to IS theory-building and what opportunities it might create for new types of object-centred and -driven theories. We describe a framework for undertaking this object-inspired research. In so doing, we are challenged to think about the ontological commitments of our approach and how this differs from dominant forms of sociomateriality.
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    PPG-based heart rate estimation using Wiener filter, phase vocoder and Viterbi decoding
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2017-06-19) Temko, Andriy; Science Foundation Ireland; Wellcome Trust
    Accurate heart rate (HR) estimation from the photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal during intensive physical exercises is tackled in this paper. Wiener filters are designed to attenuate the influence of motion artifacts. The phase vocoder is used to improve the initial Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based frequency estimation. Additionally, Viterbi decoding is used as a novel post-processing step to find the path through time-frequency state-space plane. The system performance is assessed on a publically available dataset of 23 PPG recordings. The resulting algorithm is designed for scenarios that do not require online HR monitoring (swimming, offline fitness statistics). The resultant system with an error rate of 1.31 beats per minute outperforms all other systems reported to-date in literature and in contrast to existing alternatives requires no parameter to tune at the post-processing stage and operates at a much lower computational cost. The Matlab implementation is provided online.
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    Innovation in practice: Lessons learned
    (2017-06-28) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi
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    Design messiness: Impact by design
    (2017-09-26) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi; Sammon, David
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    Exploring the nuances of 'Wickedness' in information systems development
    (University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2018-01) McCarthy, Stephen; O'Raghallaigh, Paidi; Fitzgerald, Ciara; Adam, Frédéric; Science Foundation Ireland
    Information Systems Development (ISD) practice is an inherently challenging undertaking, as exemplified by the high rate of ISD project failures. The scale of the challenge is often heightened in distributed environments where ISD practitioners can face considerable complexity, uncertainty, and contention. The concept of -˜wickedness’ epitomizes such challenges. However, ISD literature has yet to fully explore the nuances of wickedness found in ISD practices within distributed environments. To address this gap, we use a theoretical framework to analyze case study findings from an interdisciplinary connected health project. In particular, we break open the social aspects of wickedness and explore their impact on shared understanding and shared commitment in ISD projects. The paper highlights the implications that these nuances have for group decision-making in distributed ISD project teams.
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    Near infrared light propagation modeling of infant lung with light source placed inside intubated airway
    (OSA Publishing, 2018-04-03) Pacheco, Andrea; Svanberg, Emilie Krite; Dempsey, Eugene M.; Andersson-Engels, Stefan; Science Foundation Ireland
    We simulate light propagation in 3D numerical model of infant thorax at 761 nm with light source placed inside the trachea and detectors over the skin between axilla and sternum.
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    What is a design thinking mindset
    (2018-05-30) O'Raghallaigh, Paidi