Applied Social Studies - Book chapters

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    Children's Research Advisory Groups: Moving from adult-research agendas to co-creation with children
    (Routledge, 2021-12-24) Horgan, Deirdre; Martin, Shirley
    This chapter focuses on Children's Research Advisory Groups (CRAGs) against the backdrop of participatory research with children and the increasing requirements to evidence research involvement by users of services for funding bodies. The authors will discuss capacity building as essential in working with CRAGs. Furthermore, they examine the potential role and contribution of CRAGs in co-constructing research methods, data analysis and research sharing drawing on two of their research projects (one Irish and one European) supported by CRAGs. The chapter concludes that while Children's Research Advisory Groups have the potential to contribute to deeper participation, they are not without their difficulties and limitations. They are costly and time consuming, may not always be appropriate and in some cases are tokenistic. A case is made for a pragmatic, flexible approach to help promote ethical practice.
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    Liberal welfare states
    (De Gruyter, 2022-09-06) Heins, Elke; Dukelow, Fiona
    This chapter discusses contemporary challenges for liberal welfare states. We first describe the key features of the liberal welfare regime from an ideal-type perspective. Then we discuss central developments in liberal welfare states. This over-view is mainly based on aggregate data covering a variety of specific social policy areas as well as data on social expenditure, poverty and inequality. Third, we analyse the extent to which liberal welfare states are prepared to cope with challenges including fiscal pressures due to demographic change, migration, the digitalisation of the labour market, climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic. We conclude by commenting on the questions these challenges raise for liberal welfare states in a post-pandemic context and the likelihood of any policy learning from the pandemic being realised.
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    Child protection and welfare systems in Ireland: continuities and discontinuities of the present
    (Springer, 2018-08-07) Burns, Kenneth; McGregor, Caroline
    This chapter provides an overview of the Irish child protection and welfare system, and examines continuities and discontinuities between the past and the present. 2012 is chosen as a pivotal change moment around which to critically examine current developments. This year is chosen due to seminal change events which occurred such as a referendum on the rights of the child and the publication of a report that led to the blueprint for the establishment of an independent Child and Family Agency in Ireland. We chart existing histories of child welfare and comment on significant trends and developments. Against the backdrop of this history, we discuss whether, almost 50 years on, the context, appetite for and investment in change, is to be realised in the biggest structural change to children’s services since the development of Community Care under the Health Act in 1970. In undertaking this analysis, we examine five themes: the establishment of a new Child and Family Agency (Tusla); Signs of Safety adopted as a new national child protection approach; changing trends in child welfare as demonstrated by recent statistics, retention rates for social workers in child protection; and dealing with retrospective child abuse disclosures, institutional abuse and Church-State relations.
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    Children's voice in the home: a relational, generational space
    (Emerald, 2020-09-25) Horgan, Deirdre; Martin, Shirley; Forde, Catherine
    This chapter draws on data from a qualitative study examining the extent to which children and young people age 7 to 17 are able to participate and influence matters affecting them in their home, school, and community. It was commissioned by the Department of Children and Youth Affairs in Ireland to inform the National Strategy on Children and Young People’s Participation in Decision-Making, 2015–2020. Utilising Lundy’s (2007) conceptualisation of Article 12 of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child and Leonard’s (2016) concept of generagency, this chapter will examine children and young people’s everyday lives and relationships within the home and family in the context of agency and structure. In the study, home was experienced by children generally as the setting most facilitative of their voice and participation in their everyday lives reflecting research findings that children are more likely to have their initiative and ideas encouraged in the family than in school or their wider communities (Mayall, 1994). Key areas of decision-making included everyday consumption activities such as food, clothes, and pocket money as well as temporal activities including bed-time, leisure, and friends. This concurs with Bjerke (2011) that consumption of various forms is a major field of children’s participation. Positive experiences of participation reported by children and young people involved facilitation by adults whom they respected and with whom they had some rapport. This locates children as relational beings, embedded in multiple overlapping intergenerational processes and highlights the interdependency between children’s participation and their environment (Leonard, 2016; Percy-Smith & Thomas, 2010).
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    Welfare, Deservingness and the Logic of Poverty: Who Deserves? [Prologue]
    (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2021) Whelan, Joe