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Item A socio-cognitive perspective of knowledge integration in digital innovation networks(Elsevier B.V., 2025) McCarthy, Stephen; O’Raghallaigh, Paidi; Kelleher, Carol; Adam, Frédéric; Science Foundation IrelandDigital innovation is a complex process in which actors seek to create new value pathways by combining digital resources in a layered modular architecture. While IS scholarship has a rich tradition of research on developing and implementing digital artefacts within intra-organisational contexts, our understanding of knowledge integration across distributed innovation networks is nascent and under-theorised. This is an important area of research given the rising importance of digital innovation networks and the challenges faced in integrating specialised knowledge, especially given the greater diversity, speed, reach, and scope made possible by digital technologies. Drawing on in-depth case study findings from a health IoT project involving multiple organisations and disciplines, we explore how knowledge is integrated across boundaries during the initiation stage of a digital innovation network. Our findings point to boundaries related to the digital platform’s organising vision, resource allocation, delivery roadmap, technical architecture, and intellectual property, to name but a few challenges. We then reveal five socio-cognitive modes of knowledge integration which actors strategically enact to cross syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic boundaries: Signalling, Assembling, Contesting, Discounting, and Finalising. The choice of mode depends on the perceived knowledge status (‘what they know’) and social status (‘who they are’) of network actors, which highlight the salience of both social and cognitive dependencies for knowledge integration. We further discuss the contribution of design objects for overcoming differences and distinctions between specialist actors in a digital innovation network.Item Growth hormone treatment for non-GHD disorders: Excitement tempered by biology(Oxford University Press, 2023-07-14) Grimberg, Adda; Hawkes, Colin P.; National Institutes of HealthThe success of growth hormone (GH) replacement in children with classical GH deficiency has led to excitement that other causes of short stature may benefit similarly. However, clinical experience has shown less consistent and generally less dramatic effects on adult height, perhaps not surprising in light of increased understanding of GH and growth plate biology. Nonetheless, clinical demand for GH treatment continues to grow. Upon the 20th anniversary of the US Food and Drug Administration's approval of GH treatment for idiopathic short stature, this review will consider the factors underlying the expansion of GH treatment, the biological mechanisms of GH action, the non-GH–deficient uses of GH as a height-promoting agent, biological constraints to GH action, and future directions.Item Adolescents’ experiences of transition to self-management of type 1 diabetes: systematic review and future directions(Sage, 2023-11-05) Leocadio, Paula; Kelleher, Carol; Fernández, Eluska; Hawkes, Colin P.Purpose: The purpose of this systematic literature review was to explore studies that report the experiences of adolescents, their families, and health care professionals of adolescents’ transition to self-management of type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Methods: SocINDEX, PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, and MEDLINE electronic databases were searched. Studies reporting on experiences of transition to self-management of T1DM for adolescents, their parents, siblings, and health care professionals published between January 2010 amd December 2021 were included. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool guided trustworthiness and relevance of selected studies. Results: A total of 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicate that adolescents’ experiences of transitioning to self-management of T1DM are interconnected with the supports provided by others (eg, family, teachers, friends). Considering interdependence and collective lived experiences is essential to developing effective and personalized family, peer, and social interventions to facilitate transition and to avoid negative outcomes in later life. The renegotiation of roles within the network of supports that impact adolescents’ transition and adolescents’ self-negotiation have been neglected. Conclusion: Transition to self-management of T1DM is a dynamic and iterative process comprising of continuous shifts between interdependence and independence, making it challenging for all involved. A number of research gaps and avenues for future research are outlined.Item All Island Congenital Heart Network brings diagnosis closer to home(Irish Medical Organisation, 2022-12) Finn, Daragh; Allawendy, S.A.A.; Dempsey, Eugene M.; McMahon, C. J.Aim: The All-Island congenital heart network appointed paediatricians with expertise in cardiology in regional centres. Prior to these appointments children with suspected congenital heart disease were referred to the national children’s heart centre for investigation. The aim of this study is to quantify paediatric cardiology activity in a regional Irish centre over the first year of service provision. Methods: Data was collected retrospectively on all inpatient neonatal referrals over a 12-month period (January 2019 to January 2020). Results: There were 268 neonatal referrals. Premature infants (< 37 weeks gestation) accounted for 26% (n= 69) of total neonatal referrals. Congenital cardiac disease was identified in 58.5% (n= 113) of referrals. Cardiac intervention in the first year of life was required in 24 infants, 12.2% of referrals (5.6% catheter and 6.6% surgery). Discussion: Our report displays how clinical networks of care can reduce hospital transfers from regional neonatal centres for non-invasive cardiology investigations.Item Stress during puberty exerts sex-specific effects on depressive-like behavior and monoamine neurotransmitters in adolescence and adulthood(Elsevier Inc., 2022-10-07) Harris, Erin P.; Villalobos-Manriquez, Francisca; Melo, Thieza G.; Clarke, Gerard; O'Leary, Olivia F.; Health Research Board; Science Foundation IrelandPsychiatric disorders including major depression are twice as prevalent in women compared to men. This sex difference in prevalence only emerges after the onset of puberty, suggesting that puberty may be a sensitive period during which sex-associated vulnerability to stress-related depression might become established. Thus, this study investigated whether stress occurring specifically during the pubertal window of adolescence may be responsible for this sex difference in depression vulnerability. Male and female rats were exposed to a three-day stress protocol during puberty (postnatal days 35–37 in females, 45–47 in males) and underwent behavioral tests in adolescence or adulthood measuring anhedonia, anxiety-like behavior, locomotor activity and antidepressant-like behavior. Brainstem and striatum tissue were collected from a separate cohort of behavioral test-naïve rats in adolescence or adulthood to quantify the effect of pubertal stress on monoamine neurotransmitters. Pubertal stress increased immobility behavior in the forced swim test in both sexes in adolescence and adulthood. In adolescence, pubertal stress altered escape-oriented behaviors in a sex-specific manner: decreasing climbing in males but not females and decreasing swimming in females but not males. Pubertal stress decreased adolescent brainstem noradrenaline specifically in females and had opposing effects in adolescent males and females on brainstem serotonin turnover. Pubertal stress induced anhedonia in the saccharin preference test in adult males but not females, an effect paralleled by a male-specific decrease in striatal dopamine turnover. Pubertal stress did not significantly impact anxiety-like behavior or locomotor activity in any sex at either age. Taken together, these data suggest that although pubertal stress did not preferentially increase female vulnerability to depressive-like behaviors compared to males, stress during puberty exerts sex-specific effects on depressive-like behavior and anhedonia, possibly through discrete neurotransmitter systems.