Evolution of 3D printing methods and materials for electrochemical energy storage

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Date
2020-06-08
Authors
Egorov, Vladimir
Gulzar, Umair
Zhang, Yan
Breen, Siobhán
O'Dwyer, Colm
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Abstract
Additive manufacturing has revolutionized the building of materials, and 3D-printing has become a useful tool for complex electrode assembly for batteries and supercapacitors. The field initially grew from extrusion-based methods and quickly evolved to photopolymerization printing, while supercapacitor technologies less sensitive to solvents more often involved material jetting processes. The need to develop higher-resolution multimaterial printers is borne out in the performance data of recent 3D printed electrochemical energy storage devices. Underpinning every part of a 3D-printable battery are the printing method and the feed material. These influence material purity, printing fidelity, accuracy, complexity, and the ability to form conductive, ceramic, or solvent-stable materials. The future of 3D-printable batteries and electrochemical energy storage devices is reliant on materials and printing methods that are co-operatively informed by device design. Herein, the material and method requirements in 3D-printable batteries and supercapacitors are addressed and requirements for the future of the field are outlined by linking existing performance limitations to requirements for printable energy-storage materials, casings, and direct printing of electrodes and electrolytes. A guide to materials and printing method choice best suited for alternative-form-factor energy-storage devices to be designed and integrated into the devices they power is thus provided.
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Keywords
3D printing , Additive manufacturing , Batteries , Energy storage devices , Supercapacitors
Citation
Egorov, V., Gulzar, U., Zhang, Y., Breen, S. and O'Dwyer, C. (2020) 'Evolution of 3D printing methods and materials for electrochemical energy storage', Advanced Materials, 32(29), 2000556 (27pp). doi: 10.1002/adma.202000556
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© 2020, WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Egorov, V., Gulzar, U., Zhang, Y., Breen, S. and O'Dwyer, C. (2020) 'Evolution of 3D printing methods and materials for electrochemical energy storage', Advanced Materials, 32(29), 2000556 (27pp), doi: 10.1002/adma.202000556, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202000556. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.