Stabilization of black phosphorus by sonication-assisted simultaneous exfoliation and functionalization
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Date
2020-10-01
Authors
van Druenen, Maart
Collins, Timothy W.
Davitt, Fionán
Doherty, Jessica
Collins, Gillian
Sofer, Zdeněk
Holmes, Justin D.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wiley
Published Version
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) has extraordinary properties, but its ambient instability remains a critical challenge. Functionalization has been employed to overcome the sensitivity of BP to ambient conditions while preserving its properties. Herein, a simultaneous exfoliation–functionalization process is reported that functionalizes BP flakes during exfoliation and thus provides increased protection, which can be attributed to minimal exposure of the flakes to ambient oxygen and water. A tetrabutylammonium salt was employed for intercalation of BP, resulting in the formation of flakes with large lateral dimensions. The addition of an aryl iodide or an aryl iodonium salt to the exfoliation solvent creates a scalable strategy for the production of functionalized few‐layer BP flakes. The ambient stability of functionalized BP was prolonged to a period of one week, as revealed by STEM, AFM, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Keywords
Black Phosphorus , Exfoliation , Phosphorus , Sonochemistry , Surface Chemistry
Citation
van Druenen, M., Collins, T., Davitt, F., Doherty, J., Collins, G., Sofer, Z. and Holmes, J. D. 'Stabilization of Black Phosphorus by Sonication-Assisted Simultaneous Exfoliation and Functionalization', Chemistry – A European Journal, doi: 10.1002/chem.202003895
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© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: van Druenen, M., Collins, T., Davitt, F., Doherty, J., Collins, G., Sofer, Z. and Holmes, J.D. (2020), Stabilization of Black Phosphorus by Sonication‐Assisted Simultaneous Exfoliation and Functionalization. Chem. Eur. J., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202003895