Identifying early inflammatory changes in monocyte derived macrophages from a population with IQ discrepant episodic memory
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Date
2013
Authors
Downer, Eric J.
Jones, Raasay S.
McDonald, Claire L.
Greco, Eleonora
Brennan, Sabina
Connor, Thomas J.
Robertson, Ian H.
Lynch, Marina A.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Published Version
Abstract
Background: Cells of the innate immune system including monocytes and macrophages are the first line of defence against infections and are critical regulators of the inflammatory response. These cells express toll-like receptors (TLRs), innate immune receptors which govern tailored inflammatory gene expression patterns. Monocytes, which produce pro-inflammatory mediators, are readily recruited to the central nervous system (CNS) in neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: This study explored the expression of receptors (CD11b, TLR2 and TLR4) on circulating monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from healthy elderly adults who we classified as either IQ memory-consistent (high-performing, HP) or IQ memory-discrepant (low-performing, LP). Results: The expression of CD11b, TLR4 and TLR2 was increased in MDMs from the LP group when compared to HP cohort. MDMs from both groups responded robustly to treatment with the TLR4 activator, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in terms of cytokine production. Significantly, MDMs from the LP group displayed hypersensitivity to LPS exposure. Interpretation: Overall these findings define differential receptor expression and cytokine profiles that occur in MDMs derived from a cohort of IQ memory-discrepant individuals. These changes are indicative of inflammation and may be involved in the prodromal processes leading to the development of neurodegenerative disease.
Description
Keywords
Central nervous system , Mild cognitive impairment , Blood mononuclear cells , Amyloid beta protein , Alzheimers disease , Immune system , Microglial activation , Signal transduction , Cytokine production , Dendritic cells
Citation
Downer EJ, Jones RS, McDonald CL, Greco E, Brennan S, Connor TJ, et al. (2013) Identifying Early Inflammatory Changes in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages from a Population with IQ-Discrepant Episodic Memory. PLoS ONE 8(5): e63194. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063194