Data pre-forwarding for opportunistic data collection in wireless sensor networks
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Date
2014-11
Authors
Wu, Xiuchao
Brown, Kenneth N.
Sreenan, Cormac J.
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Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery, ACM
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Abstract
Opportunistic data collection in wireless sensor networks uses passing smartphones to collect data from sensor nodes, thus avoiding the cost of multiple static sink nodes. Based on the observed mobility patterns of smartphone users, sensor data should be preforwarded to the nodes that are visited more frequently with the aim of improving network throughput. In this article, we construct a formal network model and an associated theoretical optimization problem to maximize the throughput subject to energy constraints of sensor nodes. Since a centralized controller is not available in opportunistic data collection, data pre-forwarding (DPF) must operate as a distributed mechanism in which each node decides when and where to forward data based on local information. Hence, we develop a simple distributed DPF mechanism with two heuristic algorithms, implement this proposal in Contiki-OS, and evaluate it thoroughly. We demonstrate empirically, in simulations, that our approach is close to the optimal solution obtained by a centralized algorithm. We also demonstrate that this approach performs well in scenarios based on real mobility traces of smartphone users. Finally, we evaluate our proposal on a small laboratory testbed, demonstrating that the distributed DPF mechanism with heuristic algorithms performs as predicted by simulations, and thus that it is a viable technique for opportunistic data collection through smartphones.
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Keywords
Design , Algorithms , Performance , Wireless sensor network , Opportunistic data collection , Routing , Data pre-forwarding , Human mobility , Smartphone
Citation
Wu, X., Brown, K. N. and Sreenan, C. J. (2014) 'Data Pre-Forwarding for Opportunistic Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks', ACM Transactions On Sensor Networks, 11(1), pp. 1-33. doi: 10.1145/2629369
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© 2014 ACM. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive Version of Record was published in ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2629369