Human neutrophil clearance of bacterial pathogens triggers anti-microbial γδ T cell responses in early infection
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Published Version
Date
2011-05-12
Authors
Davey, Martin S.
Lin, Chan-Yu
Roberts, Gareth W.
Heuston, Sinéad
Brown, Amanda C.
Chess, James A.
Toleman, Mark A.
Gahan, Cormac G.
Hill, Colin
Parish, Tanya
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PLOS
Published Version
Abstract
Human blood Vc9/Vd2 T cells, monocytes and neutrophils share a responsiveness toward inflammatory chemokines and are rapidly recruited to sites of infection. Studying their interaction in vitro and relating these findings to in vivo observations in patients may therefore provide crucial insight into inflammatory events. Our present data demonstrate that Vc9/Vd2 T cells provide potent survival signals resulting in neutrophil activation and the release of the neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL8 (IL-8). In turn, Vc9/Vd2 T cells readily respond to neutrophils harboring phagocytosed bacteria, as evidenced by expression of CD69, interferon (IFN)-c and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. This response is dependent on the ability of these bacteria to
produce the microbial metabolite (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMB-PP), requires cell-cell contact of
Vc9/Vd2 T cells with accessory monocytes through lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), and results in a TNF-a dependent proliferation of Vc9/Vd2 T cells. The antibiotic fosmidomycin, which targets the HMB-PP biosynthesis pathway, not only has a direct antibacterial effect on most HMB-PP producing bacteria but also possesses rapid anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting cd T cell responses in vitro. Patients with acute peritoneal-dialysis (PD)-associated bacterial peritonitis – characterized by an excessive influx of neutrophils and monocytes into the peritoneal cavity – show a selective activation of local Vc9/Vd2 T cells by HMB-PP producing but not by HMB-PP deficient bacterial pathogens. The cd T celldriven perpetuation of inflammatory responses during acute peritonitis is associated with elevated peritoneal levels of cd T cells and TNF-a and detrimental clinical outcomes in infections caused by HMB-PP positive microorganisms. Taken together, our findings indicate a direct link between invading pathogens, neutrophils, monocytes and microbe-responsive cd T cells in early infection and suggest novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Description
Keywords
Neutrophil , Chemokines , Phagocytosed Bacteria , Fosmidomycin , HMB-PP , Peritonitis
Citation
Davey MS, Lin C-Y, Roberts GW, Heuston S, Brown AC, et al. (2011) Human Neutrophil Clearance of Bacterial Pathogens Triggers Anti-Microbial cd T Cell Responses in Early Infection. PLoS Pathog 7(5): e1002040. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002040