Validation of the 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test and the 4AT test for combined delirium and dementia screening in older Emergency Department attendees
| dc.contributor.author | O'Sullivan, Dawn | |
| dc.contributor.author | Brady, Noeleen M. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Manning, Edmund | |
| dc.contributor.author | O'Shea, Emma | |
| dc.contributor.author | O'Grady, Síle | |
| dc.contributor.author | O'Regan, Niamh | |
| dc.contributor.author | Timmons, Suzanne | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-10-18T09:40:14Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2017-10-18T09:40:14Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background screening for cognitive impairment in Emergency Department (ED) requires short, reliable tools. Objective to validate the 4AT and 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6-CIT) for ED dementia and delirium screening. Design diagnostic accuracy study. Setting/subjects attendees aged ≥70 years in a tertiary care hospital’s ED. Methods: trained researchers assessed participants using the Standardised Mini Mental State Examination, Delirium Rating Scale-Revised 98 and Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, informing ultimate expert diagnosis using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) criteria for dementia and delirium (reference standards). Another researcher blindly screened each participant, within 3 h, using index tests 4AT and 6-CIT.Resultof 419 participants (median age 77 years), 15.2% had delirium and 21.5% had dementia. For delirium detection, 4AT had positive predictive value (PPV) 0.68 (95% confidence intervals: 0.58–0.79) and negative predictive value (NPV) 0.99 (0.97–1.00). At a pre-specified 9/10 cut-off (9 is normal), 6-CIT had PPV 0.35 (0.27–0.44) and NPV 0.98 (0.95–0.99). Importantly, 52% of participants had no family present. A novel algorithm for scoring 4AT item 4 where collateral history is unavailable (score 4 if items 2–3 score ≥1; score 0 if items 1–3 score is 0) proved reliable; PPV 0.65 (0.54–0.76) and NPV 0.99 (0.97–1.00). For dementia detection, 4AT had PPV 0.39 (0.32–0.46) and NPV 0.94 (0.89–0.96); 6-CIT had PPV 0.46 (0.37–0.55) and NPV 0.94 (0.90–0.97). Conclusion: 6-CIT and 4AT accurately exclude delirium and dementia in older ED attendees. 6-CIT does not require collateral history but has lower PPV for delirium. | en |
| dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | en |
| dc.description.version | Published Version | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.citation | O’Sullivan, D., Brady, N., Manning, E., O’Shea, E., O’Grady, S., O ‘Regan, N. and Timmons, S. (2017) 'Validation of the 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test and the 4AT test for combined delirium and dementia screening in older Emergency Department attendees', Age and Ageing, pp. 1-7. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afx149 | en |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.1093/ageing/afx149 | |
| dc.identifier.endpage | 7 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 0002-0729 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 1468-2834 | |
| dc.identifier.journaltitle | Age and Ageing | en |
| dc.identifier.startpage | 1 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10468/4896 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | Oxford University Press | en |
| dc.relation.uri | https://academic.oup.com/ageing/article/doi/10.1093/ageing/afx149/4101644/Validation-of-the-6Item-Cognitive-Impairment-Test | |
| dc.rights | © 2017, the Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Geriatrics Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. | en |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject | Screening | en |
| dc.subject | Dementia | en |
| dc.subject | Delirium | en |
| dc.subject | Emergency department | en |
| dc.subject | Older people | en |
| dc.title | Validation of the 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test and the 4AT test for combined delirium and dementia screening in older Emergency Department attendees | en |
| dc.type | Article (peer-reviewed) | en |
