Alternative migratory tactics in brown trout (Salmo trutta) are underpinned by divergent regulation of metabolic but not neurological genes

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dc.contributor.authorWynne, Robert
dc.contributor.authorArcher, Louise C.
dc.contributor.authorHutton, Stephen A.
dc.contributor.authorHarman, Luke
dc.contributor.authorGargan, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorMoran, Peter A.
dc.contributor.authorDillane, Eileen
dc.contributor.authorCoughlan, Jamie
dc.contributor.authorCross, Thomas F.
dc.contributor.authorMcGinnity, Philip
dc.contributor.authorColgan, Thomas J.
dc.contributor.authorReed, Thomas E.
dc.contributor.funderHorizon 2020en
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Research Councilen
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderMarine Institute, Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderGovernment of Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-01T13:06:15Z
dc.date.available2021-07-01T13:06:15Z
dc.date.issued2021-06-02
dc.date.updated2021-07-01T11:30:48Z
dc.description.abstractThe occurrence of alternative morphs within populations is common, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Many animals, for example, exhibit facultative migration, where two or more alternative migratory tactics (AMTs) coexist within populations. In certain salmonid species, some individuals remain in natal rivers all their lives, while others (in particular, females) migrate to sea for a period of marine growth. Here, we performed transcriptional profiling (“RNA-seq”) of the brain and liver of male and female brown trout to understand the genes and processes that differentiate between migratory and residency morphs (AMT-associated genes) and how they may differ in expression between the sexes. We found tissue-specific differences with a greater number of genes expressed differentially in the liver (n = 867 genes) compared with the brain (n = 10) between the morphs. Genes with increased expression in resident livers were enriched for Gene Ontology terms associated with metabolic processes, highlighting key molecular–genetic pathways underlying the energetic requirements associated with divergent migratory tactics. In contrast, smolt-biased genes were enriched for biological processes such as response to cytokines, suggestive of possible immune function differences between smolts and residents. Finally, we identified evidence of sex-biased gene expression for AMT-associated genes in the liver (n = 12) but not the brain. Collectively, our results provide insights into tissue-specific gene expression underlying the production of alternative life histories within and between the sexes, and point toward a key role for metabolic processes in the liver in mediating divergent physiological trajectories of migrants versus residents.en
dc.description.sponsorshipMarine Institute, Ireland (grant-in-aid (RESPI/FS/16/01) from the Marine Institute (Ireland) as part of the Marine Research Programme by the Irish Government); Science Foundation Ireland, Grant/Award Number: 15/IA/3028 and 16/BBSRC/3316)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationWynne, R., Archer, L. C., Hutton, S. A., Harman, L., Gargan, P., Moran, P. A., Dillane, E., Coughlan, J., Cross, T. F., McGinnity, P., Colgan, T. J. and Reed, T. E. (2021) 'Alternative migratory tactics in brown trout (Salmo trutta) are underpinned by divergent regulation of metabolic but not neurological genes', Ecology and Evolution, 11(12), pp. 8347-8362. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7664en
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/ece3.7664en
dc.identifier.eissn2045-7758
dc.identifier.endpage8362en
dc.identifier.issued2en
dc.identifier.journaltitleEcology and Evolutionen
dc.identifier.startpage8347en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/11525
dc.identifier.volume11en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherWileyen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020::ERC::ERC-STG/639192/EU/Alternative life histories: linking genes to phenotypes to demography/ALHen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SFI/SFI Investigator Programme/15/IA/3028/IE/Wild farmed interactions in a changing world: formulation of a predictive methodology to inform environmental best practice to secure long-term sustainability of global wild and farm fish populations/en
dc.relation.urihttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ece3.7664
dc.rights© 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectAlternative life historiesen
dc.subjectPhenotypic plasticityen
dc.subjectSalmonidsen
dc.subjectSex biasen
dc.subjectSmoltificationen
dc.titleAlternative migratory tactics in brown trout (Salmo trutta) are underpinned by divergent regulation of metabolic but not neurological genesen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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