Tetrel bonding and other non-covalent interactions assisted supramolecular aggregation in a new Pb(II) complex of an isonicotinohydrazide
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Date
2020-09-04
Authors
Mahmoudi, Ghodrat
Abedi, Marjan
Lawrence, Simon E.
Zangrando, Ennio
Babashkina, Maria G.
Klein, Axel
Frontera, Antonio
Safin, Damir A.
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Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Published Version
Abstract
A new supramolecular Pb(II) complex [PbL(NO2)]n was synthesized from Pb(NO3)2, N’-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (HL) and NaNO2. [PbL(NO2)]n is constructed from discrete [PbL(NO2)] units with an almost ideal N2O3 square pyramidal coordination environment around Pb(II). The ligand L− is coordinated through the 2-pyridyl N-atom, one aza N-atom, and the carbonyl O-atom. The nitrite ligand binds in a κ2-O,O coordination mode through both O-atoms. The Pb(II) center exhibits a hemidirected coordination geometry with a pronounced coordination gap, which allows a close approach of two additional N-atoms arising from the N=C(O) N-atom of an adjacent molecule and from the 4-pyridyl N-atom from the another adjacent molecule, yielding a N4O3 coordination, constructed from two Pb–N and three Pb–O covalent bonds, and two Pb⋯N tetrel bonds. Dimeric units in the structure of [PbL(NO2)]n are formed by the Pb⋯N=C(O) tetrel bonds and intermolecular electrostatically enforced π+⋯π− stacking interactions between the 2- and 4-pyridyl rings and further stabilized by C–H⋯π intermolecular interactions, formed by one of the methyl H-atoms and the 4-pyridyl ring. These dimers are embedded in a 2D network representing a simplified uninodal 3-connected fes (Shubnikov plane net) topology defined by the point symbol (4∙82). The Hirshfeld surface analysis of [PbL(NO2)] revealed that the intermolecular H⋯X (X = H, C, N, O) contacts occupy an overwhelming majority of the molecular surface of the [PbL(NO2)] coordination unit. Furthermore, the structure is characterized by intermolecular C⋯C and C⋯N interactions, corresponding to the intermolecular π⋯π stacking interactions. Notably, intermolecular Pb⋯N and, most interestingly, Pb⋯H interactions are remarkable contributors to the molecular surface of [PbL(NO2)]. While the former contacts are due to the Pb⋯N tetrel bonds, the latter contacts are mainly due to the interaction with the methyl H-atoms in the π⋯π stacked [PbL(NO2)] molecules. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface calculations showed marked electrostatic contributions to both the Pb⋯N tetrel bonds and the dimer forming π+⋯π− stacking interactions. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses underlined the tetrel bonding character of the Pb⋯N interactions. The manifold non-covalent interactions found in this supramolecular assembly are the result of the proper combination of the polyfunctional multidentate pyridine-hydrazide ligand and the small nitrito auxiliary ligand.
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Keywords
Crystal structure , DFT calculations , Hirshfeld surface analysis , Isonicotinohydrazide , Lead(II) , Non-covalent interaction , Tetrel bond
Citation
Mahmoudi, G., Abedi, M., Lawrence, S. E., Zangrando, E., Babashkina, M. G., Klein, A., Frontera, A. and Safin, D. A. (2020) ‘Tetrel Bonding and Other Non-Covalent Interactions Assisted Supramolecular Aggregation in a New Pb(II) Complex of an Isonicotinohydrazide’, Molecules, 25 (18), 4056, (15 pp). doi: 10.3390/molecules25184056