The effect of breast shielding outside the field of view on breast entrance surface dose in axial X-ray examinations: a phantom study
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Published Version
Date
2023
Authors
Hurley, Lauren
Alashban, Yazeed
Albeshan, Salman
England, Andrew
McEntee, Mark F.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Galenos Publishing House
Published Version
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of outside-field-of-view (FOV) lead shielding on the entrance surface dose (ESD) of the breast on an anthropomorphic X-ray phantom for a variety of axial skeleton X-ray examinations. METHODS: Using an anthropomorphic phantom and radiation dosimeter, the ESD of the breast was measured with and without outside-FOV shielding in anterior-posterior (AP) abdomen, AP cervical spine, occipitomental 30° (OM30) facial bones, AP lumbar spine, and lateral lumbar spine radiography. The effect of several exposure parameters, including a low milliampere-seconds technique, grid use, automatic exposure control use, wraparound lead (WAL) use, trolley use, and X-ray table use, on the ESD of the breast with and without outside-FOV shielding was investigated. The mean ESD (μSv) and standard deviation for each radiographic protocol were calculated. A one-tailed Student’s t-test was carried out to evaluate whether ESD to the breast was reduced with the use of outside-FOV shielding. RESULTS: A total of 920 breast ESD measurements were recorded across the different protocol parame ters. The largest decrease in mean ESD of the breast with outside-FOV shielding was 0.002 μSv (P = 0.084), recorded in the AP abdomen on the table with a grid, OM30 on the table with a grid, OM30 standard protocol on the trolley, and OM30 on the trolley with WAL protocols. This decrease was found to be statistically non-significant. CONCLUSION: This study found no significant decrease in the ESD of the breast with the use of outside-FOV shield ing for the AP abdomen, AP cervical spine, OM30 facial bones, AP lumbar spine, or lateral lumbar spine radiography across a range of protocols.
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Keywords
Anthropomorphic phantom , Entrance surface dose , Field of view , Radiography , Shielding , Wraparound lead
Citation
Hurley, L., Alashban, Y., Albeshan, S., England, A. and McEntee, M.F. (2023) 'The effect of breast shielding outside the field of view on breast entrance surface dose in axial X-ray examinations: a phantom study', Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, 29(3), pp. 555-560. doi: 10.4274/dir.2023.232126