Carbon nanocages with nanographene shell for high-rate lithium ion batteries
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Accepted version
Date
2010-09-24
Authors
Wang, Kaixue
Li, Zhonglai
Wang, Yonggang
Li, Haimei
Chen, Jiesheng
Holmes, Justin D.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Published Version
Abstract
Carbon nanocages with a nanographene shell have been prepared by catalytic decomposition of p-xylene on a MgO supported Co and Mo catalyst in supercritical CO2 at a pressure of 10.34 MPa and temperatures ranging from 650 to 750 °C. The electrochemical performance of these carbon nanocages as anodes for lithium ion batteries has been evaluated by galvanostatic cycling. The carbon nanocages prepared at a temperature of 750 °C exhibited relatively high reversible capacities, superior rate performance and excellent cycling life. The advanced performance of the carbon nanocages prepared at 750 °C is ascribed to their unique structural features: (1) nanographene shells and the good inter-cage contact ensuring fast electron transportation, (2) a porous network formed by fine pores in the carbon shell and the void space among the cages facilitating the penetration of the electrolyte and ions within the electrode, (3) thin carbon shells shortening the diffusion distance of Li ions, and (4) the high specific surface area providing a large number of active sites for charge-transfer reactions. These carbon nanocages are promising candidates for application in lithium ion batteries.
Description
Keywords
Lithium , Aromatic hydrocarbons , Charge transfer , Electrochemical electrodes , Ions , Lithium alloys , Lithium compounds , Shells (structures) , Xylene , Active site , Carbon nanocages , Carbon shells , Catalytic decomposition , Charge-transfer reactions , Cycling life , Diffusion distance , Electrochemical performance , Fast electrons , Galvanostatic cycling , High rate , High specific surface area , Lithium-ion battery , P-xylene , Porous networks , Rate performance , Reversible capacity , Structural feature , Supercritical CO , Void space
Citation
Wang, K., Li, Z., Wang, Y., Liu, H., Chen, J., Holmes, J. and Zhou, H. (2010) 'Carbon nanocages with nanographene shell for high-rate lithium ion batteries', Journal of Materials Chemistry, 20(43), pp. 9748-9753. doi: 10.1039/C0JM01704C
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© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010