Impact of cancer cachexia on respiratory muscle function and the therapeutic potential of exercise

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dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Ben T.
dc.contributor.authorMackrill, John J.
dc.contributor.authorO'Halloran, Ken D.
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-20T14:04:37Z
dc.date.available2022-10-20T14:04:37Z
dc.date.issued2022-10-17
dc.date.updated2022-10-20T13:23:31Z
dc.description.abstractCancer cachexia is defined as a multi-factorial syndrome characterised by an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass and progressive functional impairment, estimated to affect 50–80% of patients and responsible for 20% of cancer deaths. Elevations in the morbidity and mortality rates of cachectic cancer patients has been linked to respiratory failure due to atrophy and dysfunction of the ventilatory muscles. Despite this, there is a distinct scarcity of research investigating the structural and functional condition of the respiratory musculature in cancer, with the majority of studies exclusively focussing on limb muscle. Treatment strategies are largely ineffective in mitigating the cachectic state. It is now widely accepted that an efficacious intervention will likely combine elements of pharmacology, nutrition, and exercise. However, of these approaches, exercise has received comparatively little attention. Therefore, it is unlikely to be implemented optimally, whether in isolation or combination. In consideration of these limitations, the current review describes the mechanistic basis of cancer cachexia, and subsequently explores the available respiratory- and exercise-focussed literature within this context. The molecular basis of cachexia is thoroughly reviewed. The pivotal role of inflammatory mediators is described. Unravelling the mechanisms of exercise-induced support of muscle via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in addition to promoting efficient energy metabolism via increased mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial function, and muscle glucose uptake provide avenues for interventional studies. Currently available pre-clinical mouse models including novel transgenic animals provide a platform for the development of multi-modal therapeutic strategies to protect respiratory muscles in people with cancer.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationMurphy, B. T., Mackrill, J. J. and O'Halloran, K. D. (2022) 'Impact of cancer cachexia on respiratory muscle function and the therapeutic potential of exercise', The Journal of Physiology. doi: 10.1113/JP283569en
dc.identifier.doi10.1113/JP283569en
dc.identifier.eissn1469-7793
dc.identifier.issn0022-3751
dc.identifier.journaltitleThe Journal of Physiologyen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/13786
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.en
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.1113/JP283569
dc.rights© 2022, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is the accepted version of the following item Murphy, B. T., Mackrill, J. J. and O'Halloran, K. D. (2022) 'Impact of cancer cachexia on respiratory muscle function and the therapeutic potential of exercise', The Journal of Physiology, doi: 10.1113/JP283569, which has been published in final form at: https://doi.org/10.1113/JP283569. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.en
dc.subjectCachexiaen
dc.subjectCanceren
dc.subjectRespiratory systemen
dc.subjectExerciseen
dc.titleImpact of cancer cachexia on respiratory muscle function and the therapeutic potential of exerciseen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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