Multibeam transmit-reflect-array antenna with switchable bidirectional radiation for IoT applications

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dc.contributor.authorMa, Yihan
dc.contributor.authorDu, Nijia
dc.contributor.authorLuo, Qi
dc.contributor.authorOuyang, Xing
dc.contributor.authorXing, Zijian
dc.contributor.authorWang, Ling
dc.contributor.authorYang, Guangwei
dc.contributor.funderFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
dc.contributor.funderNatural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province
dc.contributor.funderRoyal Society Newton International Fellowships Committee
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-23T13:48:02Z
dc.date.available2026-09-23T13:48:02Z
dc.date.issued2026-08-25
dc.description.abstractExploring cost-effective configurations to achieving wide beam scanning in full-spherical direction is an appealing topic for wireless communications and the Internet of Things (IoT), yet realizing it within the scope of conventional multiple feeding sources reflectarray/transmitarray is extremely challenging. This article proposes a bidirectional multibeam transmi-treflect-array (TRA) using a multi-layer passive metasurface, which enables beam steering switchable between hemispherical and full-spherical directions. First, we demonstrate a novel stacked unit cell composed of a circular ring-based structure and a polarization-sensitive patch structure. Based on the designed unit cell, two 24×24-element arrays are placed above and below the feed antenna, respectively. By simply rotating the angle of the metasurface layers and subsequently exciting the feed antennas, the designed TRA is able to scan beams along the +z, −z, or ±z direction. In both unidirectional and bidirectional states, forward and backward beam-scanning is achieved within an angular range of ±55°, with peak aperture efficiencies of 13.9% and 11.6%, respectively. The measured results of the prototype also demonstrate that the proposed TRA can steer in both unidirectional and bidirectional operating modes. The proposed method opens a new avenue for the design of cost-effective, easy-to-fabricate, and wide-angle beam-scanning multifunctional TRAs, making it particularly suitable for next-generation IoT communication systems that require wide angular coverage and full-space connectivity.en
dc.description.sponsorshipFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities|G2025KY05082
dc.description.sponsorshipNatural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province|2025JC-YBMS-739
dc.description.sponsorshipNewton International Fellowships Alumni|AL\24100018
dc.description.versionAccepted Version
dc.format.extent13
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.authororcidMa, Yihan
dc.identifier.authororcidDu, Nijia
dc.identifier.authororcidLuo, Qi
dc.identifier.authororcidOuyang, Xing
dc.identifier.authororcidXing, Zijian
dc.identifier.authororcidWang, Ling
dc.identifier.authororcidYang, Guangwei
dc.identifier.citationMa, Y, Du, N, Luo, Q, Ouyang, X, Xing, Z, Wang, L & Yang, G 2026, 'Multibeam transmit-reflect-array antenna with switchable bidirectional radiation for IoT applications', IEEE Internet of Things Journal, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2026.3727129
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/JIOT.2026.3727129
dc.identifier.endpage13
dc.identifier.issn2327-4662
dc.identifier.journaltitleIEEE Internet of Things Journal
dc.identifier.startpage1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/19319
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
dc.relation.urihttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105050179031
dc.rights© 2026, IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
dc.rights.accessrightsopen access
dc.statusPeer reviewed
dc.subjectBeamforming
dc.subjectBidirectional radiation
dc.subjectTransmit-reflect-array
dc.subjectWide-angle coverage
dc.subject[TyndallMicroNano]
dc.titleMultibeam transmit-reflect-array antenna with switchable bidirectional radiation for IoT applicationsen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)
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