Charge compensation and Ce3+ formation in trivalent doping of the CeO2(110) surface: The key role of dopant ionic radius

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dc.contributor.authorNolan, Michael
dc.contributor.funderHigher Education Authorityen
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2016-07-22T10:44:01Z
dc.date.available2016-07-22T10:44:01Z
dc.date.issued2011-03-10
dc.date.updated2013-10-29T22:03:38Z
dc.description.abstractIn this paper, we use density functional theory corrected for on-site Coulomb interactions (DFT + U) and hybrid DFT (HSE06 functional) to study the defects formed when the ceria (110) surface is doped with a series of trivalent dopants, namely, Al3+, Sc3+, Y3+, and In 3+. Using the hybrid DFT HSE06 exchange-correlation functional as a benchmark, we show that doping the (110) surface with a single trivalent ion leads to formation of a localized MCe / + O O • (M = the 3+ dopant), O- hole state, confirming the description found with DFT + U. We use DFT + U to investigate the energetics of dopant compensation through formation of the 2MCe ′ +VO ̈ defect, that is, compensation of two dopants with an oxygen vacancy. In conjunction with earlier work on La-doped CeO2, we find that the stability of the compensating anion vacancy depends on the dopant ionic radius. For Al3+, which has the smallest ionic radius, and Sc3+ and In3+, with intermediate ionic radii, formation of a compensating oxygen vacancy is stable. On the other hand, the Y3+ dopant, with an ionic radius close to that of Ce4+, shows a positive anion vacancy formation energy, as does La3+, which is larger than Ce4+ (J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2010, 20, 135004). When considering the resulting electronic structure, in Al3+ doping, oxygen hole compensation is found. However, Sc 3+, In3+, and Y3+ show the formation of a reduced Ce3+ cation and an uncompensated oxygen hole, similar to La3+. These results suggest that the ionic radius of trivalent dopants strongly influences the final defect formed when doping ceria with 3+ cations. In light of these findings, experimental investigations of these systems will be welcome.en
dc.description.sponsorshipScience Foundation Ireland (Starting Investigator Research Grant Program (EMOIN (SIRG/09/I1620)); Science Foundation Ireland and Higher Education Authority (Irish Centre for High End Computing (ICHEC))en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationNolan, M. (2011) 'Charge compensation and Ce3+ formation in trivalent doping of the CeO2(110) surface: The key role of dopant ionic radius', Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 115(14), pp. 6671-6681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp112112uen
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/jp112112u
dc.identifier.endpage6681en
dc.identifier.issn1932-7447
dc.identifier.issn1932-7455
dc.identifier.issued14en
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Physical Chemistry Cen
dc.identifier.startpage6671en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/2927
dc.identifier.volume115en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Societyen
dc.rights© 2011 American Chemical Society. This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Physical Chemistry C, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jp112112uen
dc.subjectDensity functional theoryen
dc.subjectTransform infra-red spectroscopyen
dc.subjectOxygen vacancy formationen
dc.subjectAugmented wave methoden
dc.subjectCeria surfacesen
dc.subjectElectronic structureen
dc.subjectCarbon monoxideen
dc.subjectCo-adsorptionen
dc.subjectStabilised zirconiaen
dc.subjectLow-index surfacesen
dc.titleCharge compensation and Ce3+ formation in trivalent doping of the CeO2(110) surface: The key role of dopant ionic radiusen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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