Multichannel ultrasonic data communications in air using range-dependent modulation schemes

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dc.contributor.authorJiang, Wentao
dc.contributor.authorWright, William M. D.
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-16T11:29:36Z
dc.date.available2017-08-16T11:29:36Z
dc.date.issued2016-01
dc.date.updated2017-08-16T10:54:10Z
dc.description.abstractThere are several well-developed technologies of wireless communication such as radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR), but ultrasonic methods can be a good alternative in some situations. A multichannel airborne ultrasonic data communication system is described in this paper. ON-OFF keying (OOK) and binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation schemes were implemented successfully in the system by using a pair of commercially available capacitive ultrasonic transducers in a relatively low multipath indoor laboratory environment. Six channels were used from 50 to 110 kHz with a channel spacing of 12 kHz, allowing multiple 8-bit data packets to be transmitted simultaneously. The system data transfer rate achieved was up to 60 kb/s and ultrasonic wireless synchronization was implemented instead of using a hard-wired link. A model developed in the work could accurately predict ultrasonic signals through the air channels. Signal root mean square (rms) values and system bit error rates (BERs) were analyzed over different distances. Error-free decoding was achieved over ranges up to 5 m using a multichannel OOK modulation scheme. To obtain the highest data transfer rate and the longest error-free transmission distance, a range-dependent multichannel scheme with variable data rates, channel frequencies, and different modulation schemes, was also studied in the work. Within 2 m, error-free transmission was achieved using a five-channel OOK with a data rate of 63 kb/s. Between 2 and 5 m, six-channel OOK with 60 kb/s data transfer rate was error free. Beyond 5 m, the error-free transmission range could be extended up to 10 m using three-channel BPSK with a reduced data rate of 30 kb/s. The situation when two transducers were misaligned using three-channel OOK and BPSK schemes was also investigated in the work. It was concluded that error-free transmission could still be achieved with a lateral displacement of less than 7% and oblique angles of less than 7°, and three-channel BPSK proved to be more robust than three-channel OOK with transducer misalignment.en
dc.description.sponsorshipScience Foundation Ireland (Research Frontiers Programme Grant Number 11/RFP.1/ECE/3119)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationJiang, W. and Wright, W. M. D. (2016) 'Multichannel ultrasonic data communications in air using range-dependent modulation schemes', IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 63(1), pp. 147-155. doi:10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2498479en
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2498479
dc.identifier.endpage155en
dc.identifier.issn0885-3010
dc.identifier.issued1en
dc.identifier.journaltitleIEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Controlen
dc.identifier.startpage147en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/4462
dc.identifier.volume63en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)en
dc.rights© 2016, IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.en
dc.rights.urihttp://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/copyrightpolicy.htmlen
dc.subjectReceiversen
dc.subjectAir-coupled ultrasounden
dc.subjectBit error rateen
dc.subjectBERen
dc.subjectCapacitive ultrasonic transduceren
dc.subjectMultichannel communicationen
dc.subjectOOKen
dc.subjectBinary phase-shift keyingen
dc.subjectBPSKen
dc.subjectModulationen
dc.subjectWireless synchronizationen
dc.subjectON-OFF keyingen
dc.subjectAcousticsen
dc.subjectTransducersen
dc.subjectAtmospheric modelingen
dc.subjectFrequency modulationen
dc.titleMultichannel ultrasonic data communications in air using range-dependent modulation schemesen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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