Novel ciliate genetic code variants including the reassignment of all three stop codons to sense codons in Condylostoma magnum

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dc.contributor.authorHeaphy, Stephen M.
dc.contributor.authorMariotti, Marco
dc.contributor.authorGladyshev, Vadim N.
dc.contributor.authorAtkins, John F.
dc.contributor.authorBaranov, Pavel V.
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderNational Institutes of Healthen
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-22T15:08:20Z
dc.date.available2016-11-22T15:08:20Z
dc.date.issued2016-08-08
dc.date.updated2016-11-14T11:49:57Z
dc.description.abstractmRNA translation in many ciliates utilizes variant genetic codes where stop codons are reassigned to specify amino acids. To characterize the repertoire of ciliate genetic codes, we analyzed ciliate transcriptomes from marine environments. Using codon substitution frequencies in ciliate protein-coding genes and their orthologs, we inferred the genetic codes of 24 ciliate species. Nine did not match genetic code tables currently assigned by NCBI. Surprisingly, we identified a novel genetic code where all three standard stop codons (TAA, TAG, and TGA) specify amino acids in Condylostoma magnum. We provide evidence suggesting that the functions of these codons in C. magnum depend on their location within mRNA. They are decoded as amino acids at internal positions, but specify translation termination when in close proximity to an mRNA 3' end. The frequency of stop codons in protein coding sequences of closely related Climacostomum virens suggests that it may represent a transitory state.mRNA translation in many ciliates utilizes variant genetic codes where stop codons are reassigned to specify amino acids. To characterize the repertoire of ciliate genetic codes, we analyzed ciliate transcriptomes from marine environments. Using codon substitution frequencies in ciliate protein-coding genes and their orthologs, we inferred the genetic codes of 24 ciliate species. Nine did not match genetic code tables currently assigned by NCBI. Surprisingly, we identified a novel genetic code where all three standard stop codons (TAA, TAG, and TGA) specify amino acids in Condylostoma magnum. We provide evidence suggesting that the functions of these codons in C. magnum depend on their location within mRNA. They are decoded as amino acids at internal positions, but specify translation termination when in close proximity to an mRNA 3' end. The frequency of stop codons in protein coding sequences of closely related Climacostomum virens suggests that it may represent a transitory state.en
dc.description.sponsorshipScience Foundation Ireland (12/IA/1335, 13/1A/1853); National Institute of Health (GM061603)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationHeaphy, Stephen M.; Mariotti, Marco; Gladyshev, Vadim N.; Atkins, John F.; Baranov, Pavel V. (2016) 'Novel ciliate genetic code variants including the reassignment of all three stop codons to sense codons in Condylostoma magnum'. Molecular Biology And Evolution, 33 (1111):2885-2889. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msw166en
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/molbev/msw166
dc.identifier.endpage2889en
dc.identifier.issn0737-4038
dc.identifier.issued1111en
dc.identifier.journaltitleMolecular Biology And Evolutionen
dc.identifier.startpage2885en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/3302
dc.identifier.volume33en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen
dc.relation.urihttp://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/11/2885.abstract
dc.rights© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.comen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/en
dc.subjectAlternative genetic decodingen
dc.subjectCiliatesen
dc.subjectStop codon reassignmenten
dc.subjectThe genetic codeen
dc.subjectTranslation terminationen
dc.titleNovel ciliate genetic code variants including the reassignment of all three stop codons to sense codons in Condylostoma magnumen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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