Knowns and unknowns: An experience report on discovering tacit knowledge of maritime surveyors

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dc.contributor.authorSporsem, Toren
dc.contributor.authorHatling, Mortenen
dc.contributor.authorTkalich, Anastasiiaen
dc.contributor.authorStol, Klaas-Janen
dc.contributor.editorFerrari, Alessio
dc.contributor.editorPenzenstadler, Birgit
dc.contributor.funderDet Norske Veritasen
dc.contributor.funderNorges Forskningsråden
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-02T11:58:13Z
dc.date.available2023-05-02T11:58:13Z
dc.date.issued2023-04-04en
dc.description.abstractContext: Requirements elicitation is an essential activity to ensure that systems provide the necessary functionality to users, and that they are fit for purpose. In addition to traditional ‘reductionist’ techniques, the use of observations and ethnography-style techniques have been proposed to identify requirements. Research Problem: One frequently heard issue with observational techniques is that they are costly to use, as developers who would partake, would lose considerable development time. Observation also does not guarantee that all essential requirements are identified, and so luck plays a role. Very few experience reports exist to evaluate observational techniques in practice, and for organizations it is difficult to assess whether observation is a worthwhile activity, given its associated cost. Results: This report presents experiences from DNV, a global leader providing maritime services who are renewing an information system to support its expert users. We draw on several data sources, covering insights from both developers and users. The data were collected through 9 interviews with users and developers, and over 80 h of observation of prospective users in the maritime domain. We capture ‘knowns’ and ‘unknowns’ from both developers and users, and highlight the importance of observational studies. Contribution: While observational techniques are costly to use, we conclude that essential information is uncovered, which is key for developers to understand system users and their concerns.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNorges Forskningsråd (grant number: 309631)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationSporsem, T., Hatling, M., Tkalich, A. and Stol, K. J. (2023) 'Knowns and unknowns: An experience report on discovering tacit knowledge of maritime surveyors', in Ferrari, A. and Penzenstadler, B. (eds) Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality. REFSQ 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 13975, pp. 309-323. Springer, Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-29786-1_22en
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/978-3-031-29786-1_22en
dc.identifier.eissn1611-3349en
dc.identifier.endpage323en
dc.identifier.isbn9783031297854en
dc.identifier.isbn9783031297861en
dc.identifier.issn0302-9743en
dc.identifier.journaltitleLecture Notes in Computer Scienceen
dc.identifier.startpage309en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/14420
dc.identifier.volume13975en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherSpringer Nature Switzerland AGen
dc.relation.ispartofLecture Notes in Computer Scienceen
dc.relation.ispartofRequirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality 29th International Working Conference, REFSQ 2023 Barcelona, Spain, April 17–20, 2023en
dc.rights© 2023, the Authors, under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. For the purpose of Open Access, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectUser involvementen
dc.subjectExpert knowledgeen
dc.subjectRequirements engineeringen
dc.subjectTacit knowledgeen
dc.subjectEthnographic techniquesen
dc.titleKnowns and unknowns: An experience report on discovering tacit knowledge of maritime surveyorsen
dc.typeConference itemen
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