Promoting men’s awareness, self-examination, and help-seeking for testicular disorders: a systematic review of interventions [version 2; referees: 2 approved]

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dc.contributor.authorSaab, Mohamad M.
dc.contributor.authorDavoren, Martin P.
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Aileen
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, David
dc.contributor.authorCooke, Eoghan
dc.contributor.authorLanders, Margaret
dc.contributor.authorFitzgerald, Serena M.
dc.contributor.authorRichardson, Noel
dc.contributor.authorRovito, Michael
dc.contributor.authorVon Wagner, Christian
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-25T08:53:28Z
dc.date.available2018-10-25T08:53:28Z
dc.date.issued2018-07-06
dc.date.updated2018-10-24T09:16:33Z
dc.description.abstractBackground: Testicular cancer (TC) is commonly diagnosed among men aged 15-40 years. The incidence of TC is on the rise. Benign testicular disorders such as testicular torsion and epididymitis can lead to testicular ischemia, sepsis, and infertility if left untreated. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of studies promoting menâ s knowledge and awareness of testicular disorders and/or self-examination, behaviours and/or intentions to examine their testes, and help-seeking behaviours and/or intentions for testicular symptoms. Methods: Academic Search Complete, Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO, ERIC, the Cochrane Library, the World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Clinicaltrials.gov, Grey Literature Report, and Open Grey were searched for studies published between November 2014 and April 2018. The methodological quality and level of evidence per outcome were assessed. Results: There were five papers included: two were experimental studies, two were systematic reviews, and one was an integrative review. The majority of the reviewed interventions were successful in increasing menâ s awareness of TC and self-examination. Examples include a television show featuring a celebrity with TC, a university campaign, and interactive educational sessions. The impact of the reviewed interventions on health beliefs (i.e. perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy) varied across the reviewed literature. Studies promoting help-seeking for testicular symptoms and awareness of benign testicular disorders were lacking. Conclusions: This review highlights the importance of evaluating educational interventions aimed at younger men, whilst raising their awareness of testicular disorders and increasing their help-seeking intentions for testicular symptoms. Given the lack of consensus around scheduled testicular self-examination among younger men, clinicians are encouraged to instruct men to familiarise themselves with the look and feel of their own testes and to seek timely medical attention for abnormalities.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationSaab, M. M., Davoren, M., Murphy, A., Murphy, D., Cooke, E., Landers, M., Fitzgerald, S.,Richardson, N., Rovito, M. and Von Wagner, C. (2018) 'Promoting men’s awareness, self-examination, and help-seeking for testicular disorders: a systematic review of interventions [version 2; referees: 2 approved]', HRB Open Research, 1(16), pp. 1-19. doi:10.12688/hrbopenres.12837.2en
dc.identifier.doi10.12688/hrbopenres.12837.2
dc.identifier.endpage19en
dc.identifier.issn2515-4826
dc.identifier.issued16en
dc.identifier.journaltitleHRB Open Researchen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/7047
dc.identifier.volume1en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherHealth Research Boarden
dc.rights© 2018, the Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectAwarenessen
dc.subjectHealth promotionen
dc.subjectHelp-seekingen
dc.subjectSystematic reviewen
dc.subjectTesticular canceren
dc.subjectTesticular diseasesen
dc.subjectTesticular self-examinationen
dc.subjectMen's healthen
dc.titlePromoting men’s awareness, self-examination, and help-seeking for testicular disorders: a systematic review of interventions [version 2; referees: 2 approved]en
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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