Breath volatilome analysis reveals new gut microbiome-related metabolites that discriminate high versus low dietary fibre intake

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dc.contributor.authorAutuori, Manon
dc.contributor.authorNeyrinck, Audrey M.
dc.contributor.authorLengelé, Laetitia
dc.contributor.authorOlivera, Eloïse Viera
dc.contributor.authorRombaux, Marie
dc.contributor.authorRodriguez, Julie
dc.contributor.authorCani, Patrice D.
dc.contributor.authorWalter, Jens
dc.contributor.authorBindels, Laure B.
dc.contributor.authorDelzenne, Nathalie M.
dc.contributor.funderFNRS
dc.contributor.funderWalloon Region
dc.contributor.funderWaalse Gewest
dc.contributor.funderPINT
dc.contributor.funderFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, FWO
dc.contributor.funderFonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen
dc.contributor.funderWalloon excellence in life sciences and biotechnology, WELBIO
dc.contributor.funderBarbara Pachikian, Louise Deldicque and Valérie Dormal
dc.contributor.funderFonds de la Recherche Scientifique
dc.contributor.funderWallonia Recovery Plan
dc.contributor.funderFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, FNRS, PDR T.0068.19-WELBIO 25 - X.1506.26-PDR T.0085.24-PINT-MULTI R.8013.19-40007505
dc.contributor.funderFRFS-WELBIO, 40009849
dc.contributor.funderService Public de Wallonie, SPW, 2210182
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-11T15:50:05Z
dc.date.available2026-05-11T15:50:05Z
dc.date.issued2026-04-28
dc.description© 2026, the Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.description.abstractBackground & aims: Gut bacteria produce a wide variety of metabolites that are playing important roles in human health. Dietary fibres (DF) are beneficial nutrients that have been shown to modulate key intestinal functions when fermented by gut bacteria. Since most bacteria-derived metabolites are volatile, their presence in exhaled breath allows to propose new non-invasive methods to study DF-microbiome interactions in humans. We aimed to identify potential novel biomarkers of gut microbiota activity released in exhaled breath following the consumption of DF at breakfast, upon untargeted analysis in healthy volunteers. Methods: 14 volunteers (7 women/7 men, 21 ± 2 years old) participated to two test days at a one-month interval, where they received either a low-(2.6 g) or high-(16.1 g) fibre breakfast. Before each test days, stools were collected to evaluate the microbiota composition using Illumina sequencing (V5–V6 region of 16S rRNA gene). Throughout the test days, breath samples were analysed using selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). A sparse partial least squares-discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) identified 30 signals that best discriminated between test days, corresponding to 173 candidate breath compounds. Results: The gut microbiota of the volunteers remained stable one month apart. The composition of exhaled breath shifted starting from 5 h after the high-fibre breakfast ingestion. Ninety compounds were identified as potential metabolites of gut microbes, with 81 showing increased concentrations after the high-fibre breakfast. These included acrylic acid (positively correlated with Faecalibacterium/Ruminococcaceae/Bacillota and negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium/Bifidobacteriaceae/Actinomycetota). The high-fibre breakfast also led to increases in limonene, ethylbenzene/xylene, p-cymene, and methionol that were positively correlated with the genus Faecalibacterium. Moreover, positive correlations were observed between cyclooctane/ethylcyclohexane, methanol and the phylum Bacillota. Dimethyl disulfide was strongly negatively correlated with the genus Bacteroides and its family Bacteroidaceae. Conclusion: This study shows that DF consumption at breakfast stimulates the production of exhaled bacteria-derived metabolites reflecting profound changes in the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota. We also identified new potential biomarkers of DF intake, that are not directly linked to DF fermentation. Specific bacteria known to play a role in gut barrier, immunity and host metabolism were associated with those new metabolites.en
dc.description.sponsorshipWe are very grateful to Barbara Pachikian, Louise Deldicque and Valérie Dormal from the UCLouvain platform CICN (Center of Investigation in Clinical Nutrition) for their helpful support and criticism during the preparation of the FiberTAG study and the investigation with volunteers. N.M.D. is a recipient of grants from the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS, Belgium) [PINT- MULTI R.8013.19 (NEURON-ERANET, call 2019) PDR T.0068.19 and PDR T.0085.24 ]. P.D.C. is honorary research director at FRS-FNRS and the recipient of grants from FNRS (Projet de Recherche PDR-convention: FNRS T.0032.25 , FRFS-WELBIO: WELBIO 25 - X.1506.26, EOS: program no. 40007505). L.B.B. is a Collen-Francqui Research Professor and grateful for the support of the Francqui Fondation. L.B.B. is the recipient of grants from the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO) and the FNRS under EOS Project No. 40007505, HOMISTASIS Project, as well as by the Walloon Region in the context of the funding of the strategic axis FRFS-WELBIO (40009849). The research leading to these results has been funded by the Public Service of Wallonia (Belgium), under the FoodWal agreement n°2210182 from the Win4Excellence project of the Wallonia Recovery Plan. FiberTAG project was initiated from a European Joint Programming Initiative “A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life” (JPI HDHL) and was supported by the Public Service of Wallonia. We are very grateful to Barbara Pachikian, Louise Deldicque and Valérie Dormal from the UCLouvain platform CICN (Center of Investigation in Clinical Nutrition) for their helpful support and criticism during the preparation of the FiberTAG study and the investigation with volunteers. N.M.D. is a recipient of grants from the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS, Belgium) [PINT-MULTI R.8013.19 (NEURON-ERANET, call 2019) PDR T.0068.19 and PDR T.0085.24]. P.D.C. is honorary research director at FRS-FNRS and the recipient of grants from FNRS (Projet de Recherche PDR-convention: FNRS T.0032.25, FRFS-WELBIO: WELBIO 25 - X.1506.26, EOS: program no. 40007505). L.B.B. is a Collen-Francqui Research Professor and grateful for the support of the Francqui Fondation. L.B.B. is the recipient of grants from the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (FWO) and the FNRS under EOS Project No. 40007505, HOMISTASIS Project, as well as by the Walloon Region in the context of the funding of the strategic axis FRFS-WELBIO (40009849). The research leading to these results has been funded by the Public Service of Wallonia (Belgium) , under the FoodWal agreement n°2210182 from the Win4Excellence project of the Wallonia Recovery Plan. FiberTAG project was initiated from a European Joint Programming Initiative “A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life” (JPI HDHL) and was supported by the Public Service of Wallonia .
dc.format.extent13
dc.format.extent2734556
dc.format.extent1508450
dc.identifier.articleid106662
dc.identifier.authororcidAutuori, Manon
dc.identifier.authororcidNeyrinck, Audrey M.
dc.identifier.authororcidLengelé, Laetitia
dc.identifier.authororcidOlivera, Eloïse Viera
dc.identifier.authororcidRombaux, Marie
dc.identifier.authororcidRodriguez, Julie
dc.identifier.authororcidCani, Patrice D.
dc.identifier.authororcidWalter, Jens§0000-0003-1754-172X
dc.identifier.authororcidBindels, Laure B.
dc.identifier.authororcidDelzenne, Nathalie M.
dc.identifier.citationAutuori, M, Neyrinck, A M, Lengelé, L, Olivera, E V, Rombaux, M, Rodriguez, J, Cani, P D, Walter, J, Bindels, L B & Delzenne, N M 2026, 'Breath volatilome analysis reveals new gut microbiome-related metabolites that discriminate high versus low dietary fibre intake', Clinical Nutrition, vol. 61, 106662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106662
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.clnu.2026.106662
dc.identifier.issn0261-5614
dc.identifier.journaltitleClinical Nutrition
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0003-1754-172X/work/214352997
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/18746
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105037029507
dc.identifier.volume61
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rightscc_by_nc_nd
dc.rightscc_by_nc_nd
dc.subjectDietary fibres
dc.subjectGut microbiota
dc.subjectVolatile organic compounds
dc.subjectVolatilome
dc.subject[Microbiology]
dc.subject[APCMicrobiome]
dc.subjectNutrition and Dietetics
dc.subjectCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
dc.titleBreath volatilome analysis reveals new gut microbiome-related metabolites that discriminate high versus low dietary fibre intakeen
dc.typeArticle (Peer reviewed)
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