Demarcation problems in law and neurotechnology: persons, cyborgs and neurohackers

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dc.contributor.authorDeibel, Talyaen
dc.contributor.funderResearch Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-10T11:19:39Z
dc.date.available2025-11-10T11:19:39Z
dc.date.issued2025-02-17en
dc.description.abstractTechnology creates demarcation problems for law, with legal agents existing in a constant state of in-betweenness. Digital and biotechnologies challenge legal definitions by changing our understanding of what constitutes a 'person' and what constitutes a 'thing'. This similarly affects the boundaries between inner–outer, personhood–property, and subject–object distinctions. The result is a plethora of legal problems, as modern European private law theories are built upon these dualisms. For instance, the integration of technology with human minds disturbs the liberal foundations of personhood. Human–machine interactions challenge our concept of self, as technology becomes integral to both personal identity and how individuals experience the world. Traditional understandings of personality, property, privacy, and freedom prove inadequate when confronted with liminal categories such as human–machine symbioses and the figure of the ‘hacker’. However, this challenge is not unprecedented; European legal history offers numerous examples demonstrating that these boundaries were never truly stable. A key illustration is found in Roman law, where jurists developed a hybrid conception of subjectivity to address the practical legal problems of their era. This paper therefore examines neurotechnology, with particular attention to the figure of the hacker, to analyse the ontology of modern boundaries in private law.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationDeibel, T. (2025) 'Demarcation problems in law and neurotechnology: persons, cyborgs and neurohackers', International Review of Law, Computers & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600869.2025.2464504en
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/13600869.2025.2464504en
dc.identifier.eissn1364-6885en
dc.identifier.endpage20en
dc.identifier.issn1360-0869en
dc.identifier.journaltitleInternational Review of Law, Computers & Technologyen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/18166
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherTaylor & Francisen
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Review of Law, Computers & Technologyen
dc.rights© 2025, the Authors. Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectLegal personhooden
dc.subjectNeurohackingen
dc.subjectNeurotechnologyen
dc.subject~Law - Journal Articles~en
dc.titleDemarcation problems in law and neurotechnology: persons, cyborgs and neurohackersen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
dc.typejournal-articleen
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