Copper chloro-complexes concentrated solutions: An electrochemical study

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dc.contributor.authorLacarbonara, Giampaolo
dc.contributor.authorFaggiano, Luigi
dc.contributor.authorPorcu, Stefania
dc.contributor.authorRicci, Pier Carlo
dc.contributor.authorRapino, Stefania
dc.contributor.authorCasey, Declan P.
dc.contributor.authorRohan, James F.
dc.contributor.authorArbizzani, Catia
dc.contributor.funderHorizon 2020en
dc.contributor.funderMinistero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricercaen
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-20T13:58:09Z
dc.date.available2022-04-20T13:58:09Z
dc.date.issued2021-12-03
dc.date.updated2022-04-20T13:49:04Z
dc.description.abstractBasic studies on concentrated solutions are becoming more and more important due to the practical industrial and geological applications. The use in redox flow batteries is one of the most important applications of these solutions. Specifically, in this paper we investigated high-concentrated copper chloro-complexes solutions with different additives. The concentration of ligands and additives affects the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of 2 M solutions of Cu(I) and Cu(II). Solutions with calcium chloride and HCl as Cl- source were investigated with Cu:Cl ratios of 1:5 and 1:7, the 1:5 Cu:Cl ratio being the best performing. The substitution of calcium chloride with ammonium chloride increased the conductivity. However, while the effect on the positive electrode process was not very evident, the reversibility of the copper deposition-stripping process was greatly improved. Orthophosphoric acid could be a viable additive to decrease the complexation of calcium with chloride anions and to improve the stability of Cu(II) chloro-complexes. Absorption spectroscopy demonstrated that phosphate ions do not coordinate copper(II) but lead to a shift in the distribution of copper chloro-complexes toward more coordinated species. Electrochemically, the increased availability of chloride anions in solution stabilized the Cu(II)-rich solution and led to increased reversibility of the Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox process.en
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (Department of Excellence program doctoral scholarship MIUR, L. 232 del 01/12/2016)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleid83en
dc.identifier.citationLacarbonara, G., Faggiano, L., Porcu, S., Ricci, P. C., Rapino, S., Casey, D. P., Rohan, J. F. and Arbizzani, C. (2021) 'Copper chloro-complexes concentrated solutions: An electrochemical study', Batteries, 7(4), 83 (16pp). doi: 10.3390/batteries7040083en
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/batteries7040083en
dc.identifier.eissn2313-0105
dc.identifier.endpage16en
dc.identifier.issued4en
dc.identifier.journaltitleBatteriesen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/13100
dc.identifier.volume7en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020::RIA/875605/EU/Copper-Based Flow Batteries for energy storage renewables integration/CUBERen
dc.rights© 2021, the Authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectCopperen
dc.subjectChloro complexesen
dc.subjectRedox flow batteries (RFB)en
dc.subjectCuRFBen
dc.titleCopper chloro-complexes concentrated solutions: An electrochemical studyen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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