Single-mode ring resonator-based optomechanical transducers for advanced atomic force sensing

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dc.contributor.authorZhang, Yide
dc.contributor.authorVorobev, Artem S.
dc.contributor.authorSam, Savda
dc.contributor.authorBadri, S. Hadi
dc.contributor.authorDavid, Mauro
dc.contributor.authorLendl, Bernhard
dc.contributor.authorRamer, Georg
dc.contributor.authorO'Faoláin, Liam
dc.contributor.funderHorizon 2020en
dc.contributor.funderAustrian Federal Ministry for Labour and Economyen
dc.contributor.funderNational Foundation for Research, Technology and Developmenten
dc.contributor.funderChristian Doppler Research Associationen
dc.contributor.funderAustrian Science Funden
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-07T09:25:58Z
dc.date.available2026-01-07T09:25:58Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is a widely used technique for high-resolution imaging and force sensing, yet its performance is fundamentally constrained by the cantilever size, spring constants, and mechanical frequencies. To overcome these limitations, we present a compact and highly efficient single-mode ring resonator-based optomechanical transducer on an silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. Unlike conventional designs that rely on whispering gallery modes (WGMs) resonators, our approach ensures mode stability, facilitates straightforward signal interpretation, and enhances measurement reliability by eliminating mode-splitting effects and complex optical responses. Coupled with a picogram-scale cantilever, our system achieves exceptional displacement resolution of 6.7 × 10–16 m/Hz1/2 and force detection down to 5.0 × 10–14 N, providing a high-performance alternative to existing optomechanical AFM transducers. The tunable mechanical resonance frequency (1.3 to 22.5 MHz) and adjustable stiffness (0.46 to 3.54 N/m) enable precise force sensing across a broad range of applications, from soft matter characterization to high-speed imaging. Importantly, our results exhibit strong agreement with theoretical predictions, ensuring accurate and direct displacement measurements. Our results establish this single-mode optomechanical transducer as a robust, high-sensitivity platform for next-generation AFM and nanoscale sensing applications, offering a compact, scalable, and highly precise alternative to traditional free-space optical detection methods. The combination of high displacement resolution, mode stability, and tunable performance establishes this optomechanical transducer as a promising advancement in integrated nanoscale sensing and AFM applications. en
dc.description.sponsorshipAustrian Science Fund (FWF) (10.55776/COE7)en
dc.description.statusPeer-revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationZhang, Y., Vorobev, A. S., Sam, S., Badri, S. H., David, M., Lendl, B., Ramer, G. and O'Faolain, L. (2025) 'Single-mode ring resonator-based optomechanical transducers for advanced atomic force sensing', ACS Photonics, 12(12), pp. 6778-6787. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01914en
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01914
dc.identifier.endpage6787
dc.identifier.issn2330-4022
dc.identifier.issued12
dc.identifier.journaltitleACS Photonicsen
dc.identifier.startpage6778
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/18384
dc.identifier.volume12
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Societyen
dc.relation.project860808en
dc.rights© 2025, the Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.statusPeer revieweden
dc.subjectAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM)en
dc.subjectDisplacement densingen
dc.subjectForce sensingen
dc.subjectOptomechanical transduceren
dc.subjectRing resonatoren
dc.subjectSilicon photonicsen
dc.titleSingle-mode ring resonator-based optomechanical transducers for advanced atomic force sensingen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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