Economically sustainable growth of perovskite photovoltaics manufacturing

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dc.contributor.authorMathews, Ian
dc.contributor.authorSofia, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorMa, Erica
dc.contributor.authorJean, Joel
dc.contributor.authorLaine, Hannu S.
dc.contributor.authorSiah, Sin Cheng
dc.contributor.authorBuonassisi, Tonio
dc.contributor.authorPeters, Ian Marius
dc.contributor.funderHorizon 2020en
dc.contributor.funderMassachusetts Institute of Technologyen
dc.contributor.funderShellen
dc.contributor.funderNational Science Foundationen
dc.contributor.funderU.S. Department of Energyen
dc.contributor.funderNational Research Foundation, Singaporeen
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-09T09:19:49Z
dc.date.available2020-10-09T09:19:49Z
dc.date.issued2020-02-06
dc.date.updated2020-10-09T08:45:52Z
dc.description.abstractThe significant capital expense of photovoltaics manufacturing has made it difficult for new cell and module technologies to enter the market. We present two technoeconomic models that analyze the sustainable growth of perovskite manufacturing for an R2R single-junction technology and a perovskite-silicon tandem module, focusing on the impacts of economies of scale and average selling price on profitability. We establish a cost range of $3.30/W to $0.53/W for flexible modules manufactured in factory sizes ranging from 0.3 MW/year to 1 GW/year. In addition, we model the cost to manufacture a tandem module consisting of a single-junction perovskite cell stacked in 4-terminal configuration onto a silicon cell and show how an existing manufacturer can grow at a faster rate by co-investing in tandems. Our analyses highlight potential routes to market for perovskite photovoltaics and the possibility to sustainably grow a photovoltaics manufacturing company even in markets with higher labor rates. We show how technoeconomic modeling of cleantech products versus scale can be an important tool in assisting a more rapid uptake of new energy technologies that often struggle to leave the lab. Our analyses highlight potential routes to market for perovskite photovoltaics and the possibility to sustainably grow a photovoltaics manufacturing company even in markets with higher labor rates. More generally, although technoeconomic modeling has proven to be a useful tool for assessing cleantech industries as they are and the long-term potential of new technologies once they reach scale - we encourage other cost modelers to quantify the impact of economies of scale during manufacturing growth to help in the search for viable and sustainable market on-ramps for their technologies. The significant capex of photovoltaics manufacturing has made it difficult for new cell and module technologies to enter the solar power market. We show how technoeconomic modeling of cleantech products versus scale can be an important tool in assisting the commercialization of new energy technologies that often struggle to leave the lab with our analyses focusing on potential routes to market for perovskite photovoltaics.en
dc.description.sponsorshipMassachusetts Institute of Technology (Martin Family Society of Fellows for Sustainability); Shell | MIT Energy Initiative (Summer UROP grant); National Science Foundation and U.S. Department of Energy (Quantum Energy and Sustainable Solar Technologies (QESST) ERF); National Research Foundation, Singapore (Singapore MIT Alliance for Research and Technology’s ‘‘Low energy electronic systems (LEES)’’ IRG)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionSubmitted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationMathews, I., Sofia, S., Ma, E., Jean, J., Laine, H. S., Siah, S. C., Buonassisi, T. and Peters, I. M. (2020) 'Economically sustainable growth of perovskite photovoltaics manufacturing', Joule, 4(4), pp. 822-839. doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2020.01.006en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.joule.2020.01.006en
dc.identifier.endpage839en
dc.identifier.issn2542-4351
dc.identifier.issued4en
dc.identifier.journaltitleJouleen
dc.identifier.startpage822en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/10645
dc.identifier.volume4en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevier Inc.en
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020::MSCA-IF-GF/746516/EU/Photon-recycling for high-efficiency energy harvesting in GaAs photovoltaic devices on silicon/RECHARGEen
dc.rights© 2020, the Authors. All rights reserved. This document is the pre-print version of an article that was subsequently accepted for publication in Joule (© Elsevier Ltd.) after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.01.006en
dc.subjectCleantechen
dc.subjectFlexible perovskitesen
dc.subjectPerovskitesen
dc.subjectPhotovoltaics manufacturingen
dc.subjectSustainable financeen
dc.subjectTandem solar cellsen
dc.subjectTechnoeconomic modelingen
dc.titleEconomically sustainable growth of perovskite photovoltaics manufacturingen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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