Applied Psychology - Journal Articles

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Browsing Applied Psychology - Journal Articles by Subject "Adolescent"

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    The effectiveness of interventions to improve self‐management for adolescents and young adults with allergic conditions: a systematic review
    (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2020-03-11) Knibb, Rebecca C.; Alviani, Cherry; Garriga-Baraut, Teresa; Mortz, Charlotte G.; Vazquez-Ortiz, Marta; Angier, Elizabeth; Blumchen, Katerina; Comberiati, Pasquale; Duca, Bettina; Dunn Galvin, Audrey; Gore, Claudia; Hox, Valerie; Jensen, Britt; Pite, Helena; Santos, Alexandra F.; Sanchez-Garcia, Silvia; Gowland, M. Hazel; Timmermans, Frans; Roberts, Graham; European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
    Background: This systematic review aimed to review the literature on interventions for improving self‐management and wellbeing in adolescents and young adults (11‐25 years) with asthma and allergic conditions. Methods: A systematic literature search was undertaken across eight databases. References were checked by two reviewers for inclusion. Study data were extracted and their quality was assessed in duplicate. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. Results: A total of 30 papers reporting data from 27 studies were included. Interventions types were psychological (k=9); E‐health (k=8); educational (k=4); peer led (k=5); breathing re‐training (k=1). All interventions were for asthma. Psychological interventions resulted in significant improvements in the intervention group compared to the control group for self‐esteem, quality of life, self‐efficacy, coping strategies, mood and asthma symptoms. E‐Health interventions reported significant improvements for inhaler technique, adherence and quality of life. General educational interventions demonstrated significantly improved quality of life, management of asthma symptoms, controller medication use, increased use of a written management plan and reduction in symptoms. The peer led interventions included the Triple A (Adolescent Asthma Action) programme and a peer‐led camp based on the Power Breathing Programme. Improvements were found for self‐efficacy, school absenteeism and quality of life. Conclusion: Although significant improvements were seen for all intervention types, many were small feasibility or pilot studies, few studies reported effect sizes and no studies for allergic conditions other than asthma met the inclusion criteria. Research using large longitudinal interventional designs across the range of allergic conditions is required to strengthen the evidence base.
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    Quality of life in childhood, adolescence and adult food allergy: patient and parent perspectives
    (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016-12-14) Stensgaard, A.; Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten; Nielsen, D.; Munch, M.; Dunn Galvin, Audrey
    Background: Studies of children with food allergy typically only include the mother and have not investigated the relationship between the amount of allergen needed to elicit a clinical reaction (threshold) and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Our aims were (i) to compare self-reported and parent-reported HRQL in different age groups, (ii) to evaluate the impact of severity of allergic reaction and threshold on HRQL, and (iii) to investigate factors associated with patient-reported and parent-reported HRQL. Methods: Age-appropriate Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaires (FAQLQ) were completed by 73 children, 49 adolescents and 29 adults with peanut, hazelnut or egg allergy. Parents (197 mothers, 120 fathers) assessed their child's HRQL using the FAQLQ-Parent form. Clinical data and threshold values were obtained from a hospital database. Significant factors for HRQL were investigated using univariate and multivariate regression. Results: Female patients reported greater impact of food allergy on HRQL than males did. Egg and hazelnut thresholds did not affect HRQL, but lower peanut threshold was associated with worse HRQL. Both parents scored their child's HRQL better than the child's own assessment, but whereas mother-reported HRQL was significantly affected by limitations in the child's social life, father-reported HRQL was affected by limitations in the family's social life. Severity of allergic reaction did not contribute significantly to HRQL. Conclusion: The risk of accidental allergen ingestion and limitations in social life are associated with worse HRQL. Fathers provide a unique perspective and should have a greater opportunity to contribute to food allergy research.
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    Substance use in young persons in Ireland, a systematic review.
    (Elsevier, 2013-04-03) Murphy, Kevin D.; Sahm, Laura J.; McCarthy, Suzanne; Lambert, Sharon; Byrne, Stephen; Matt Talbot Services, Ireland
    Adolescence is a time of physical and mental development when small changes can impact on the rest of a person's life. Substance use in this crucial period can have long-lasting consequences for the individual and for society. The prevalence of substance use in young people is an area of concern for policy makers and health workers. This systematic review looked at prevalence for four substances: alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and benzodiazepines, across the Republic of Ireland for persons between the ages of 13 and 24, and compared usage between 2000 and 2012. Eighteen articles were included in the review. It was seen that tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use has fallen in the lifetime and previous month use. The level of benzodiazepine use has remained similar in the period of study. Future work should redress the imbalance in substance use research that sees the majority of researchers looking at a few substances while little work is done on the others.