Safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in children and adolescents with obesity: A meta-analysis
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Published Version
Supplementary Data
Date
2021-05-11
Authors
Ryan, Paul M.
Seltzer, Sean
Hayward, Nathaniel E.
Avelar Rodriguez, David
Sless, Ryan T.
Hawkes, Colin P.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier B. V.
Published Version
Abstract
To determine the weight, body mass index (BMI), cardiometabolic, and gastrointestinal effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in children with obesity. Study design: Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus databases from 01/01/1994-01/01/2021 for randomized control trials examining the weight, BMI, cardiometabolic, or gastrointestinal effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in children and adolescents with obesity. Data were extracted by 2 independent surveyors and a random effects model was applied to meta-analyze generic inverse variance outcomes. Primary outcomes were related to weight and cardiometabolic profile, and secondary outcomes of interest were gastrointestinal-related treatment-emergent adverse events. Results: Nine studies involving 574 participants were identified, of which 3 involved exenatide and 6 involved liraglutide. GLP-1 receptor agonists use caused a modest reduction in body weight (mean difference [MD] -1.50 [-2.50,-0.50] kg, I2 64%), BMI (MD -1.24 [-1.71,-0.77] kg/m2, I2 0%), and BMI z score (MD -0.14 [-0.23,-0.06], I2 43%). Glycemic control was improved in children with proven insulin resistance (glycated hemoglobin A1c MD -1.05 [-1.93,-0.18] %, I2 76%). Although no lipid profile improvements were noted, a modest decrease in systolic blood pressure was detected (MD -2.30 [-4.11,-0.49] mm Hg; I2 0%). Finally, analysis of gastrointestinal-related treatment-emergent adverse events revealed an increased risk of nausea (risk ratio 2.11 [1.44, 3.09]; I2 0%), without significant increases in other gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that GLP-1 receptor agonists are safe and effective in modestly reducing weight, BMI, glycated hemoglobin A1c, and systolic blood pressure in children and adolescents with obesity in a clinical setting, albeit with increased rates of nausea.
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Keywords
Pediatric obesity , Incretin , GLP-1
Citation
Ryan, P. M., Seltzer, S., Hayward, N. E., Avelar Rodriguez, D., Sless, R. T. and Hawkes, C. P. (2021) 'Safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in children and adolescents with obesity: A meta-analysis', Journal of Pediatrics, 236 , pp. 137-147. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.05.009