A national case fatality study of drugs taken in intentional overdose

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dc.check.date2020-12-26
dc.check.infoAccess to this article is restricted until 12 months after publication by request of the publisher.en
dc.contributor.authorDaly, Caroline
dc.contributor.authorGriffin, Eve
dc.contributor.authorCorcoran, Paul
dc.contributor.authorWebb, Roger T.
dc.contributor.authorAshcroft, Darren M.
dc.contributor.authorPerry, Ivan J.
dc.contributor.authorArensman, Ella
dc.contributor.funderUniversity of Manchesteren
dc.contributor.funderNational Suicide Research Foundation, Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderNational Office for Suicide Prevention, Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-08T11:20:00Z
dc.date.available2020-01-08T11:20:00Z
dc.date.issued2019-12-26
dc.date.updated2020-01-08T11:07:21Z
dc.description.abstractBackground: Intentional drug overdose (IDO) has been linked with marked increases in premature mortality risk due to suicide, accidents and other causes, yet little is known about how case fatality risk varies according to the type of drug/s taken. This study aimed to examine the incidence of IDO, to identify the predictors of fatal IDO and to establish which drugs are linked with greater risk of a fatal outcome. Methods: Data from the National Self-Harm Registry, and the National Drug-Related Deaths Index, 2007–2014, were used to calculate incidence, examine overdose characteristics and estimate case fatality risk ratios. Results: We examined 63,831 non-fatal and 364 fatal IDOs (incidence: 148.8 and 1.01 per 100,000 respectively). Compared to non-fatal IDOs, fatal cases were more often male (55.2% vs. 42.0%), older in age (median 44 vs. 35 years), and more frequently involved multiple drugs (78.3% vs. 48.5%). Tricyclic antidepressants were associated with a 15-fold increased risk of death and opioids a 12-fold increased risk, relative to the reference category (non-opioid analgesics). While the risk of fatal outcome was higher for males than females, the elevation in risk was greater in females when tricyclic antidepressants or opioids were taken. Conclusion: Male gender, increasing age and multiple drug use were associated with fatal IDO outcome. Tricyclic antidepressants and opioids were associated with a significantly increased risk of death following intentional overdose. Clinicians need to consider the case fatality risk of drugs when determining treatment for patients at risk of or those who have previously harmed themselves.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleid102609en
dc.identifier.citationDaly, C., Griffin, E., Corcoran, P., Webb, R. T., Ashcroft, D. M., Perry, I. J. and Arensman, E. (2020) 'A national case fatality study of drugs taken in intentional overdose', International Journal of Drug Policy, 76, 102609 (9 pp). doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.102609en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.102609en
dc.identifier.endpage9en
dc.identifier.issn0955-3959
dc.identifier.journaltitleInternational Journal of Drug Policyen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/9457
dc.identifier.volume76en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.relation.urihttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395919303160
dc.rights© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. This manuscript version is made available under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectSelf-harmen
dc.subjectSuicideen
dc.subjectOverdoseen
dc.subjectDrugsen
dc.subjectAntidepressantsen
dc.titleA national case fatality study of drugs taken in intentional overdoseen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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