Patterns of dairy food intake, body composition and markers of metabolic health in Ireland: results from the National Adult Nutrition Survey

dc.contributor.authorFeeney, E. L.
dc.contributor.authorO'Sullivan, A.
dc.contributor.authorNugent, Anne P.
dc.contributor.authorMcNulty, Breige A.
dc.contributor.authorWalton, Janette
dc.contributor.authorFlynn, Albert
dc.contributor.funderEnterprise Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderDepartment of Agriculture, Food and the Marineen
dc.contributor.funderHealth Research Boarden
dc.contributor.funderFood for Health Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2017-02-28T12:35:39Z
dc.date.available2017-02-28T12:35:39Z
dc.date.issued2017-02-20
dc.date.updated2017-02-28T12:24:23Z
dc.description.abstractBackground: Studies examining the association between dairy consumption and metabolic health have shown mixed results. This may be due, in part, to the use of different definitions of dairy, and to single types of dairy foods examined in isolation. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine associations between dairy food intake and metabolic health, identify patterns of dairy food consumption and determine whether dairy dietary patterns are associated with outcomes of metabolic health, in a cross-sectional survey. Design: A 4-day food diary was used to assess food and beverage consumption, including dairy (defined as milk, cheese, yogurt, cream and butter) in free-living, healthy Irish adults aged 18–90 years (n=1500). Fasting blood samples (n=897) were collected, and anthropometric measurements taken. Differences in metabolic health markers across patterns and tertiles of dairy consumption were tested via analysis of covariance. Patterns of dairy food consumption, of different fat contents, were identified using cluster analysis. Results: Higher (total) dairy was associated with lower body mass index, %body fat, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (P<0.001), and lower systolic (P=0.02) and diastolic (P<0.001) blood pressure. Similar trends were observed when milk and yogurt intakes were considered separately. Higher cheese consumption was associated with higher C-peptide (P<0.001). Dietary pattern analysis identified three patterns (clusters) of dairy consumption; 'Whole milk', 'Reduced fat milks and yogurt' and 'Butter and cream'. The 'Reduced fat milks and yogurt' cluster had the highest scores on a Healthy Eating Index, and lower-fat and saturated fat intakes, but greater triglyceride levels (P=0.028) and total cholesterol (P=0.015). conclusion: Overall, these results suggest that while milk and yogurt consumption is associated with a favourable body phenotype, the blood lipid profiles are less favourable when eaten as part of a low-fat high-carbohydrate dietary pattern. More research is needed to better understand this association. Conclusion: Overall, these results suggest that although milk and yogurt consumption is associated with a favourable body phenotype, the blood lipid profiles are less favourable when eaten as part of a low-fat high-carbohydrate dietary pattern. More research is needed to better understand this association.en
dc.description.sponsorshipFood for Health Ireland (FHI); Enterprise Ireland (EI Grant No: TC-2013-001); Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine, Ireland and the Health Research Board (joint Food for Health Research Initiative (2007–2012; Grant FHRIUCC2).en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationFeeney, E. L., O'Sullivan, A., Nugent, A. P., McNulty, B., Walton, J., Flynn, A. and Gibney, E. R. (2017) 'Patterns of dairy food intake, body composition and markers of metabolic health in Ireland: results from the National Adult Nutrition Survey', Nutrition & Diabetes, 7, pp. e243.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/nutd.2016.54
dc.identifier.endpagee243-8en
dc.identifier.issn2044-4052
dc.identifier.journaltitleNutrition & diabetesen
dc.identifier.startpagee243-1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/3706
dc.identifier.volume7en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherNature Publishing Groupen
dc.rights© The Authors 2017. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectMetabolic healthen
dc.subjectDairy food consumptionen
dc.subjectHealthy Eating Indexen
dc.titlePatterns of dairy food intake, body composition and markers of metabolic health in Ireland: results from the National Adult Nutrition Surveyen
dc.typeArticle (non peer-reviewed)en
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