An ex-vivo model to determine dental pulp responses to heat and light-curing of dental restorative materials

dc.contributor.authorLynch, Christopher D.
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, Jessica L.
dc.contributor.authorAl-Shehri, Ali
dc.contributor.authorMilward, Paul J.
dc.contributor.authorSloan, Alastair J.
dc.contributor.funderCardiff Universityen
dc.contributor.funderBritish Endodontic Society
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-11T10:41:30Z
dc.date.available2018-09-11T10:41:30Z
dc.date.issued2018-08-31
dc.date.updated2018-09-07T10:52:16Z
dc.description.abstractAim: Based on histological studies from the 1960s, it is recommended that dental pulp temperature increases should not exceed 5.5 °C. However, no contemporary reliable models exist to explore the effects of heat on living dental pulp. The aim of this project was to develop a clinically valid model for studying temperature increases caused by three commonly-used light curing units (LCUs). Methods: Temperature increases caused by LCUs at varying exposure times and via various thicknesses of dentine were recorded using traditional approaches and an ex-vivo tooth slice model. Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical (IL-1β, HSP70, caspase-3) analysis was performed of the tooth slice model following varying exposure and culture times. Results: Reduced dentine thickness and increased exposure time led to increases in temperature. Whilst the majority of temperature increases recorded using the traditional approach (53 of 60) were greater than the recommended 5.5 °C, 52 of the 60 reference points recorded using the ex-vivo tooth slice model resulted in temperature increases of less than 5.5 °C. Temperature increases of 5.5 °C or more that are prolonged for 40 s caused an immediate decrease in cell number. IL-1β was not detected in any samples, while HSP70 was detectable immediately after exposure to a temperature increase of 6 °C or more. Higher levels of HSP70 were detected after 24 h culture in tooth slices that experienced a temperature increase of 7.5 °C or more. Low levels of caspase-3 were detected in tooth slices exposed to temperature increase of 7.5 °C or more. Conclusion: Experimental arrangements for assessing LCU performance that measure temperature increases using a thermocouple device on a laboratory bench should no longer be used. Future studies in this area should include replication of the clinical environment using greater sophistication, such as the use of an ex-vivo tooth slice model as described here. Temperature increases of 5.5 °C or more for 40 s caused an immediate decrease in cell number, which supports previous findings. However, complex interactions at an immunohistochemical level suggest that while temperature increases of 5 °C or less are ideal, there may be some cell damage between 5 – 7 °C which might not result in pulpal death. Further investigations are indicated.en
dc.description.sponsorshipBritish Endodontic Society (Research Award)
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationLynch, C. D., Roberts, J. L., Al-Shehri, A., Milward, P. J. and Sloan, A. J. (2018) 'An ex-vivo model to determine dental pulp responses to heat and light-curing of dental restorative materials', Journal of Dentistry. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2018.08.014en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jdent.2018.08.014
dc.identifier.issn0300-5712
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Dentistryen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/6746
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevier Ltd.en
dc.rights© 2018, Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectDental pulpen
dc.subjectTissue engineeringen
dc.subjectRoot canalen
dc.subjectHeaten
dc.subjectLight curingen
dc.subjectCompositeen
dc.titleAn ex-vivo model to determine dental pulp responses to heat and light-curing of dental restorative materialsen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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