Associations between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and cardiovascular profiles in people with human immunodeficiency virus

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dc.contributor.authorMacCann, Rachelen
dc.contributor.authorLi, Junhuien
dc.contributor.authorLeon, Alejandro Abner Garciaen
dc.contributor.authorNegi, Riyaen
dc.contributor.authorAlalwan, Danaen
dc.contributor.authorTinago, Willarden
dc.contributor.authorMcgettrick, Padraigen
dc.contributor.authorCotter, Aoife Gen
dc.contributor.authorLanday, Alanen
dc.contributor.authorSabin, Carolineen
dc.contributor.authorO'toole, Paul Wen
dc.contributor.authorMallon, Patrick W. Gen
dc.contributor.authorBarco, Elena Alvarezen
dc.contributor.authorLeon, Alejandro Garciaen
dc.contributor.authorMcdermott, Aoifeen
dc.contributor.authorMcginty, Taraen
dc.contributor.authorMacken, Alanen
dc.contributor.authorKavanagh, Eoinen
dc.contributor.authorMccarthy, Geraldineen
dc.contributor.authorSheehan, Gerarden
dc.contributor.authorLambert, Johnen
dc.contributor.authorPowderly, Williamen
dc.contributor.authorCompston, Julieten
dc.contributor.funderHealth Research Boarden
dc.contributor.funderWellcome Trusten
dc.contributor.funderHealth Service Executiveen
dc.contributor.funderHealth and Social Care, Research and Development Division, Northern Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderHorizon Europeen
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-24T15:49:55Z
dc.date.available2025-04-24T15:49:55Z
dc.date.issued2025en
dc.description.abstractBackground: Inflammation and innate immune activation are associated with chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, despite effective treatment. Although gut microbiota alterations are linked to systemic inflammation, their relationship with HIV infection the relationships between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and HIV remains unclear. Methods: The HIV UPBEAT Coronary Artery Disease sub-study evaluated cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with and without HIV. Subclinical CVD was assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Thirty-four biomarkers were measured using quantitative immunoassays. Stool samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing. Differentially abundant species were identified by analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction (ANCOM-BC) and correlated to biomarkers, diet, and CCTA outcomes using Spearman correlation. Results: Among 81 participants (median age, 51 years; 73% male), people with HIV (n = 44) had higher rates of hypercholesterolemia (P <. 025). Gut microbiome β-diversity differed significantly by HIV status. Enriched Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Megamonas hypermegale, and Selenomonas ruminantium correlated with lower plaque burden, while depleted Ruminococcus bromii correlated with higher plaque burden and fat intake. Depleted Bacteroides spp and Alistepes spp correlated with elevated biomarkers (D-dimer, CD40 ligand, C-reactive protein, and interferon-γ). Conclusions: Gut microbiota differences in people with HIV were linked to subclinical CVD, diet, and inflammation, highlighting the microbiome's role in cardiovascular risk in HIV infection. en
dc.description.sponsorshipHealth Research Board (HRA-POR/2010/66; 203930/B/16/Z); Wellcome Trust (Irish Clinical Academic Training program); Health Service Executive, National Doctors Training and Planning and the Health and Social Care, Research and Development Division, Northern Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (12/RC/2273-P2); Horizon Europe 101079777en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationMacCann, R., Li, J., Leon, A. A. G., Negi, R., Alalwan, D., Tinago, W., McGettrick, P., Cotter, A. G., Landay, A., Sabin, C. and O’Toole, P. W. (2025) 'Associations between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and cardiovascular profiles in people with human immunodeficiency virus', The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 231(4), pp.e781-e791. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaf043en
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/infdis/jiaf043en
dc.identifier.endpagee791en
dc.identifier.issn221899en
dc.identifier.issued4
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Infectious Diseasesen
dc.identifier.startpagee781en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/17332
dc.identifier.volume231
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen
dc.relation.project12/RC/2273-P2en
dc.relation.project101079777en
dc.rights© 2025, the Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectAgeingen
dc.subjectCardiovascular diseaseen
dc.subjectHIVen
dc.subjectInflammationen
dc.subjectMicrobiomeen
dc.titleAssociations between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and cardiovascular profiles in people with human immunodeficiency virusen
dc.typeArticle (peer reviewed)en
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