On-chip self-injection-locked gain-switched combs for flexible RF signal generation via photon–photon resonance

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dc.contributor.authorDominguez-Castillejo, Diego
dc.contributor.authorVenkatasubramani, Lakshmi Narayanan
dc.contributor.authorRajeswari, Gayatri Vasudevan
dc.contributor.authorPrasad, Deepa
dc.contributor.authorAtar, Fatih Bilge
dc.contributor.authorMoehrle, Martin
dc.contributor.authorBarry, Liam
dc.contributor.authorCorbett, Brian
dc.contributor.funderChips Joint Undertaking
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Union Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme
dc.contributor.funderResearch Ireland, 12/RC/2276_P2-23/IRDIFB/11955-13/RC/2077_P2
dc.contributor.funderHORIZON EUROPE European Innovation Council, EIC, 101137000 (M-Engine)-101136762 (UNICO)
dc.contributor.funderKDT Joint Undertaking (JU) through European Union’s Horizon EU research and innovation programs and Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey, 101097296
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Union Horizon Europe research and innovation Programme through Marie Skłodowska-Curie, 101073138 HORIZON-MSCA-2021-DN-01-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-17T14:57:01Z
dc.date.available2026-09-17T14:57:01Z
dc.date.issued2026-07-27
dc.description.abstractGain switching enables directly modulated lasers to generate ultrashort pulses with flexible repetition frequencies. By preserving pulse to pulse coherence, optical frequency combs can be generated. At high frequency repetition rates, external optical injection has proven to be effective in enhancing the spectral purity of these combs. However, the integration of such architectures remains challenging, and the maximum operating rate that these devices can reach is still limited by the relaxation oscillation frequency. In this study, we present a three-section laser that exploits photon–photon resonance as a mechanism to overcome these limitations. The laser includes an integrated external cavity that provides optical feedback to the gain section. This allows frequency combs to be generated with a flexible line spacing up to 30 GHz, limited by the equipment. Optical feedback drives the laser to operate in a self-injection locking regime, removing any need for optical external injection. An additional phase expansion scheme demonstrates the generation of frequency combs with a maximum spectral width of 150 GHz for a flatness window of 10 dB and a repetition rate of 30 GHz. Finally, frequency upconversion of a 2 GHz intermediate frequency signal to 28 GHz using a 30 GHz spaced comb is shown, demonstrating the potential of the proposed device as a flexible radio-frequency generator.en
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropean Union Horizon Europe research and innovation Programme 101073138 HORIZON-MSCA-2021-DN-01-01, Taighde Éireann Research Ireland 12/RC/2276-P2, 13/RC/2077-P2, 23/IRDIFB/11955, HORIZON EUROPE European Innovation Council 101136762 (UNICO), 101137000 (M-Engine), KDT Joint Undertaking 101097296 Received 20 May 2026
dc.description.sponsorshiprevised 15 July 2026
dc.description.sponsorshipaccepted 23 July 2026. Date of publication 27 July 2026
dc.description.sponsorshipdate of current version 16 September 2026. This work was supported in part by European Union Horizon Europe research and innovation Programme through Marie Skłodowska-Curie under Grant Agreement 101073138 HORIZON-MSCA-2021-DN-01-01, in part by Taighde Éireann Research Ireland under Contract 12/RC/2276_P2, Contract 13/RC/2077_P2, and Contract 23/IRDIFB/11955, in part by HORIZON EUROPE European Innovation Council under Grant 101136762 (UNICO) and Grant 101137000 (M-Engine), in part by KDT Joint Undertaking (JU) through European Union’s Horizon EU research and innovation programs and Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey, under Grant Agreement 101097296. (Corresponding author: Diego Dominguez-Castillejo.) Diego Dominguez-Castillejo, Fatih Bilge Atar, and Brian Corbett are with Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland (e-mail: diego.castillejo@tyndall.ie
dc.description.sponsorshipfatih.atar@tyndall.ie
dc.description.sponsorshipbrian.corbett@tyndall.ie).
dc.description.versionPublished Version
dc.format.extent10
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.authororcidDominguez-Castillejo, Diego
dc.identifier.authororcidVenkatasubramani, Lakshmi Narayanan
dc.identifier.authororcidRajeswari, Gayatri Vasudevan
dc.identifier.authororcidPrasad, Deepa
dc.identifier.authororcidAtar, Fatih Bilge§0000-0001-7517-4855
dc.identifier.authororcidMoehrle, Martin
dc.identifier.authororcidBarry, Liam
dc.identifier.authororcidCorbett, Brian§0000-0002-9002-8212
dc.identifier.citationDominguez-Castillejo, D, Venkatasubramani, L N, Rajeswari, G V, Prasad, D, Atar, F B, Moehrle, M, Barry, L & Corbett, B 2026, 'On-chip self-injection-locked gain-switched combs for flexible RF signal generation via photon–photon resonance', Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 44 , no. 18, pp. 8036-8045. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3717253
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/JLT.2026.3717253
dc.identifier.endpage8045
dc.identifier.issn0733-8724
dc.identifier.issued18
dc.identifier.journaltitleJournal of Lightwave Technology
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0001-7517-4855/work/227085572
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-9002-8212/work/227087306
dc.identifier.startpage8036
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/19284
dc.identifier.volume44
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
dc.relation.urihttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105046085749
dc.rights© 2026, the Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
dc.rights.accessrightsopen access
dc.rights.licensenameAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.statusPeer reviewed
dc.subjectFrequency combs
dc.subjectIntegrated photonics
dc.subjectPhoton-photon resonance
dc.subjectSelf-injection locking
dc.subject[TyndallPhotonics]
dc.titleOn-chip self-injection-locked gain-switched combs for flexible RF signal generation via photon–photon resonanceen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)
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