Archaea appear to dominate the microbiome of Inflatella pellicula deep sea sponges

Jackson, Stephen A.; Flemer, Burkhardt; McCann, Angela; Kennedy, Jonathan; Morrissey, John P.; O'Gara, Fergal; Dobson, Alan D. W.

Archaea appear to dominate the microbiome of Inflatella pellicula deep sea sponges

dc.contributor.author	Jackson, Stephen A.
dc.contributor.author	Flemer, Burkhardt
dc.contributor.author	McCann, Angela
dc.contributor.author	Kennedy, Jonathan
dc.contributor.author	Morrissey, John P.
dc.contributor.author	O'Gara, Fergal
dc.contributor.author	Dobson, Alan D. W.
dc.contributor.funder	Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Ireland
dc.contributor.funder	Marine Institute
dc.date.accessioned	2016-02-17T11:44:41Z
dc.date.available	2016-02-17T11:44:41Z
dc.date.issued	2013
dc.description.abstract	Microbes associated with marine sponges play significant roles in host physiology. Remarkable levels of microbial diversity have been observed in sponges worldwide through both culture-dependent and culture-independent studies. Most studies have focused on the structure of the bacterial communities in sponges and have involved sponges sampled from shallow waters. Here, we used pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes to compare the bacterial and archaeal communities associated with two individuals of the marine sponge Inflatella pellicula from the deep-sea, sampled from a depth of 2,900 m, a depth which far exceeds any previous sequence-based report of sponge-associated microbial communities. Sponge-microbial communities were also compared to the microbial community in the surrounding seawater. Sponge-associated microbial communities were dominated by archaeal sequencing reads with a single archaeal OTU, comprising similar to ∼60% and similar to ∼72% of sequences, being observed from Inflatella pellicula. Archaeal sequencing reads were less abundant in seawater (similar to ∼11% of sequences). Sponge-associated microbial communities were less diverse and less even than any other sponge-microbial community investigated to date with just 210 and 273 OTUs (97% sequence identity) identified in sponges, with 4 and 6 dominant OTUs comprising similar to ∼88% and similar to ∼89% of sequences, respectively. Members of the candidate phyla, SAR406, NC10 and ZB3 are reported here from sponges for the first time, increasing the number of bacterial phyla or candidate divisions associated with sponges to 43. A minor cohort from both sponge samples (similar to ∼0.2% and similar to ∼0.3% of sequences) were not classified to phylum level. A single OTU, common to both sponge individuals, dominates these unclassified reads and shares sequence homology with a sponge associated clone which itself has no known close relative and may represent a novel taxon.	en
dc.description.sponsorship	Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (FIRM08/RDC/629); Marine Institute (Beaufort Marine Biodiscovery Research Award)	en
dc.description.status	Peer reviewed	en
dc.description.version	Published Version	en
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	en
dc.identifier.articleid	e84438
dc.identifier.citation	Jackson SA, Flemer B, McCann A, Kennedy J, Morrissey JP, O’Gara F, et al. (2013) Archaea Appear to Dominate the Microbiome of Inflatella pellicula Deep Sea Sponges. PLoS ONE 8(12): e84438. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084438
dc.identifier.doi	10.1371/journal.pone.0084438
dc.identifier.issn	1932-6203
dc.identifier.issued	12	en
dc.identifier.journaltitle	PLOS ONE	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10468/2346
dc.identifier.volume	8	en
dc.language.iso	en	en
dc.publisher	Public Library of Science	en
dc.rights	© 2015 Jackson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited	en
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	en
dc.subject	Ammonia-oxidizing archaea	en
dc.subject	Coral reef sponges	en
dc.subject	16S ribosomal RNA	en
dc.subject	Marine sponges	en
dc.subject	Phylogenetic diversity	en
dc.subject	Cenarchaeum symbiosum	en
dc.subject	Antarctic sponges	en
dc.subject	Irish waters	en
dc.subject	Transmission	en
dc.subject	Communities	en
dc.title	Archaea appear to dominate the microbiome of Inflatella pellicula deep sea sponges	en
dc.type	Article (peer-reviewed)	en