Dietary inflammatory index and biomarkers of lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation and glucose homeostasis in adults

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dc.contributor.authorPhillips, Catherine M.
dc.contributor.authorShivappa, Nitin
dc.contributor.authorHébert, James R.
dc.contributor.authorPerry, Ivan J.
dc.contributor.funderHealth Research Boarden
dc.contributor.funderIrish Heart Foundationen
dc.contributor.funderNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseasesen
dc.date.accessioned2019-11-23T07:04:37Z
dc.date.available2019-11-23T07:04:37Z
dc.date.issued2018-08-08
dc.description.abstractAccumulating evidence identifies diet and inflammation as potential mechanisms contributing to cardiometabolic risk. However, inconsistent reports regarding dietary inflammatory potential, biomarkers of cardiometabolic health and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk exist. Our objective was to examine the relationships between a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ)-derived dietary inflammatory index (DII®), biomarkers of lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation and glucose homeostasis and MetS risk in a cross-sectional sample of 1992 adults. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores derived from an FFQ were calculated. Lipoprotein particle size and subclass concentrations were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Serum acute-phase reactants, adipocytokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines and white blood cell (WBC) counts were determined. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Our data indicate that a more pro-inflammatory diet, reflected by higher E-DII scores, was associated with potentially pro-atherogenic lipoprotein profiles characterised by increased numbers of large very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), small dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and less large LDL and HDL particles (all p < 0.001). Inflammatory profiling identified a range of adverse phenotypes among those with higher E-DII scores, including higher complement component C3 (C3), C-reactive protein (CRP), (both p < 0.05), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations, higher WBC counts and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lower adiponectin levels (all p < 0.001). MetS risk was increased among those with higher E-DII scores (OR 1.37, 95% CI (1.01, 1.88), p < 0.05), after adjusting for potential confounders. In conclusion, habitual intake of a more pro-inflammatory diet is associated with unfavourable lipoprotein and inflammatory profiles and increased MetS risk.en
dc.description.sponsorshipHealth Research Board (HRC/2007/13); Irish Heart Foundation (Noel Hickey Bursary supported by an educational grant from Pfizer Healthcare Ireland to CMP); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R44DK103377)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleid1033en
dc.identifier.citationPhillips, C., Shivappa, N., Hébert, J. and Perry, I. (2018) 'Dietary inflammatory index and biomarkers of lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation and glucose homeostasis in adults'. Nutrients, 10(8), 1033. (13 pp.) doi:10.3390/nu10081033en
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu10081033en
dc.identifier.endpage13en
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.issued8en
dc.identifier.journaltitleNutrientsen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/9202
dc.identifier.volume10en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/8/1033
dc.rights© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectInflammationen
dc.subjectDietary inflammation indexen
dc.subjectMetabolic syndromeen
dc.subjectLipoproteinsen
dc.subjectAdipocytokinesen
dc.subjectPro-inflammatory cytokinesen
dc.titleDietary inflammatory index and biomarkers of lipoprotein metabolism, inflammation and glucose homeostasis in adultsen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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