Criterion validity of iOS and android applications to measure steps and distance in adults

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dc.contributor.authorAdamakis, Manolis
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-27T08:52:23Z
dc.date.available2021-09-27T08:52:23Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-29
dc.date.updated2021-09-24T11:56:39Z
dc.description.abstractThe growing popularity of physical activity (PA) applications (apps) in recent years and the vast amounts of data that they generate present attractive possibilities for surveillance. However, measurement accuracy is indispensable when tracking PA variables to provide meaningful measures of PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the steps and distance criterion validity of freeware accelerometer-based PA smartphone apps, during incremental-intensity treadmill walking and jogging. Thirty healthy adults (25.9 ± 5.7 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. They were fitted with two smartphones (one with Android and one with iOS operating systems), each one simultaneously running four different apps (i.e., Runtastic Pedometer, Accupedo, Pacer, and Argus). They walked and jogged for 5 min at each of the predefined speeds of 4.8, 6.0, and 8.4 km/h on a treadmill, and two researchers counted every step taken during trials with a digital tally counter. Validity was evaluated by comparing each app with the criterion measure using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs), and Bland–Altman plots. For step count, Android apps performed slightly more accurately that iOS apps; nevertheless, MAPEs were generally low for all apps (<5%) and accuracy increased at higher speeds. On the other hand, errors were significantly higher for distance estimation (>10%). The findings suggest that accelerometer-based apps are accurate tools for counting steps during treadmill walking and jogging and could be considered suitable for use as an outcome measure within a clinical trial. However, none of the examined apps was suitable for measuring distance.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleid55en
dc.identifier.citationAdamakis, M. (2021) 'Criterion validity of iOS and android applications to measure steps and distance in adults', Technologies, 9(3), 55 (12pp). doi: 10.3390/technologies9030055en
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/technologies9030055en
dc.identifier.eissn2227-7080
dc.identifier.endpage12en
dc.identifier.issued3en
dc.identifier.journaltitleTechnologiesen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/12006
dc.identifier.volume9en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rights© 2021, the Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectAccelerometeren
dc.subjectAccuracyen
dc.subjectStep counten
dc.subjectPhysical activity measurementen
dc.subjectSoftwareen
dc.subjectOperating systemen
dc.subjectPedometeren
dc.subjectWalkingen
dc.subjectJoggingen
dc.subjectMonitoringen
dc.titleCriterion validity of iOS and android applications to measure steps and distance in adultsen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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