Association between air pollution exposure and risk of hemorrhagic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorIrfan, Syed Asaden
dc.contributor.authorStrobl, Kleitonen
dc.contributor.authorWariach, Khubaiben
dc.contributor.authorZahiri, Mehdien
dc.contributor.authorKurmi, Omen
dc.date.accessioned2026-10-23T15:30:49Z
dc.date.available2026-10-23T15:30:49Z
dc.date.issued2026-05-25en
dc.description.abstractBackground: Air pollution has been associated with multisystem health adversities. However, the association between short-term air pollution and hemorrhagic stroke has not been sufficiently evaluated in recent years. Considering that hemorrhagic stroke has a high incidence rate (28.8% of incident strokes) and accounts for almost 7.2 million deaths per year globally, it is important to identify risk factors and use it to guide preventative measures. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on 4 databases (Embase, OVID Medline, Web of Science, PubMed). Studies selected for review included time series, case-crossover, and cohort studies, published in English, from all time periods, and investigated the risk of hemorrhagic stroke after exposure to air pollution (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter [PM2.5], particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in diameter [PM10], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], sulfur dioxide [SO2], ozone [O3], or carbon monoxide [CO]). Data for different risk outcomes (risk ratio, odds ratio) were meta-analyzed using an inverse variance statistical analysis and random effects model. Results:Among the 2435 studies identified, 31 were included and deemed eligible for review and meta-analysis. The results illustrated a statistically significant increase in the risk of hemorrhagic stroke per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 exposure (risk ratio, 1.0142; 95% confidence interval, 1.0000-1.0286; P = 0.05), and CO exposure (odds ratio, 1.0008; 95% confidence interval, 1.0000-1.0016; P = 0.05). Conclusions: Among the 6 air pollutants studied, NO2 and CO exposure was associated with a statistically significant increase in the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. This can help guide effective preventative protocols and public health measures in an effort to reduce the burden of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleidS0828282X26005064en
dc.identifier.citationIrfan, S.A. et al. (2026) “Association between air pollution exposure and risk of hemorrhagic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 42(9), (12pp), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2026.05.010.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.cjca.2026.05.010en
dc.identifier.endpage2209en
dc.identifier.issn0828-282Xen
dc.identifier.issued9en
dc.identifier.journaltitleCanadian Journal of Cardiologyen
dc.identifier.startpage2198en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/19500
dc.identifier.volume42en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevier BVen
dc.rights© 2026, authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY licenseen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectHemorrhagic strokeen
dc.subjectAir pollutionen
dc.subjectIntracerebral hemorrhageen
dc.subjectSubarachnoid hemorrhageen
dc.subjectStroke risken
dc.subjectCardiovascular healthen
dc.subjectCerebrovascular healthen
dc.subject[Medicine]en
dc.titleAssociation between air pollution exposure and risk of hemorrhagic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysisen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
dc.typejournal-articleen
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
mmc1.pdf
Size:
962.95 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Published Version
Download
Thumbnail Image
Name:
PIIS0828282X26005064.pdf
Size:
1.44 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Published Version
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
2.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Medicine - Journal Articles