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Role of surface reconstruction on Cu/TiO2 nanotubes for CO2 conversion
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Date
2019-05-16
Authors
Liu, Chao
Nauert, Scott L.
Alsina, Marco A.
Wang, Dingdi
Grant, Alexander
He, Kai
Weitz, Eric
Nolan, Michael
Gray, Kimberly A.
Notestein, Justin M.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Published Version
Abstract
Carbon dioxide hydrogenation to CO via the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction is one route to integrate CO2 utilization into the chemical industry. TiO2 supported Cu catalysts are known to be active for RWGS, but Cu is shown here to behave differently on TiO2 nanotubes (TiNT) vs TiO2 nanoparticles (TiNP). Whereas nanoparticle supports give low rates that are hardly changed by added Cu, the nanotube supports yield much higher activity and three distinct behaviors as the Cu surface density increases. At low surface densities (0.3 Cu/nm2), active Cu-O-Ti sites are created that have low apparent activation energies. At high surface densities (6 Cu/nm2), Cu nanoparticles on TiNT are formed, and reaction barriers are lowered when both Cu and TiNT surfaces are accessible. At intermediate surface densities, metallic Cu domains are engulfed by a TiOx overlayer formed during H2 pretreatment, akin to those formed by classical strong metal support interactions (SMSI). These reduced layers are markedly more active for RWGS than the initial TiNT surfaces, but have similar activation barriers, which are higher than those for which both Cu and TiNP surfaces are exposed. These catalytic findings are supported by computational modeling, in situ IR, UV–vis, and X-ray absorption spectroscopies, and they provide insight into an important reaction for CO2 utilization.
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Keywords
Reverse water-gas shift , SMSI , Supported metals , Spectroscopy , CO2 conversion
Citation
Liu, C., Nauert, S. L., Alsina, M. A., Wang, D., Grant, A., He, K., Weitz, E., Nolan, M., Gray, K. A. and Notestein, J. M. (2019) 'Role of surface reconstruction on Cu/TiO2 nanotubes for CO2 conversion', Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 255, 117754 (9 pp). doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.117754