Proteomic approach to oxidative stress in Daphnia magna

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dc.check.chapterOfThesis
dc.check.embargoformatNot applicableen
dc.check.infoNo embargo requireden
dc.check.opt-outNot applicableen
dc.check.reasonNo embargo requireden
dc.check.typeNo Embargo Required
dc.contributor.advisorSheehan, Daviden
dc.contributor.authorRainville, Louis-Charles
dc.contributor.funderIrish Research Council for Science Engineering and Technologyen
dc.contributor.funderFonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies, Canadafr
dc.date.accessioned2014-04-02T15:59:46Z
dc.date.available2014-04-02T15:59:46Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.date.submitted2014
dc.description.abstractThe keystone aquatic organism Daphnia magna is extensively used to assess the toxicity of chemicals. This has recently lead to an increase in the omics literature focusing on daphnids, an increase fuelled by the sequencing of the Daphnia pulex genome. Yet, no omics study has looked directly at oxidative stress (OS) in daphnids, even though OS is of primary importance in the response of aquatic organisms to their changing environment and is often induced by anthropogenic xenobiotics. This thesis thus focuses on the application of redox-proteomics, the study of the oxidative modification of proteins, to D. magna Specifically, daphnids were exposed to copper or paraquat, two well studied prooxidants, and protein carbonyls were labelled with fluorescein-5-thiosemicarbazide prior to twodimensional electrophoresis (2DE). This showed clearly that both compounds affect a different portion of the proteome. The identified proteins indicated that energy metabolism was affected by paraquat, while copper induced a reduction of the heat shock response (heat shock proteins, proteases and chaperones) a counterintuitive result which may be adaptative to metal toxicity in arthropods. The same approach was then applied to the study of the toxicity mechanism of silver nanoparticles (AgNP), an increasingly utilised form of silver with expected environmental toxicity, and its comparison to silver nitrate. The results demonstrate that, although less toxic than silver ions, AgNP toxicity functions through a different mechanism. AgNP toxicity is thus not a product of silver dissolution and increased protein carbonylation indicates that AgNP cause OS. Interestingly three of the four tested compounds altered vitellogenin levels and oxidation. Vitellogenins could thus represent an interesting subproteome for the detection of stress in daphnids. Finally, an experiment with oxidised BSA demonstrates the applicability of solid phase hydrazide in the enrichment of undigested carbonylated proteins.en
dc.description.sponsorshipIrish Research Council for Science Engineering and Technology (EMBARK initiative)en
dc.description.sponsorshipFonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (Bourse de Doctorat)fr
dc.description.statusNot peer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Version
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationRainville, L.-C. 2014. Proteomic approach to oxidative stress in Daphnia magna. PhD Thesis, University College Cork.en
dc.identifier.endpage125
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/1504
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherUniversity College Corken
dc.rights© 2014, Louis-Charles Rainvilleen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/en
dc.subjectOxidative stressen
dc.subjectEcotoxicologyen
dc.subjectNanoparticlesen
dc.subjectSolid-phase hydrazideen
dc.subjectHeat shock responseen
dc.subject.lcshPollution--Environmental aspectsen
dc.subject.lcshDaphnia magnaen
dc.subject.lcshProteomicsen
dc.thesis.opt-outfalse
dc.titleProteomic approach to oxidative stress in Daphnia magnaen
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen
dc.type.qualificationlevelDoctoralen
dc.type.qualificationnamePhD (Science)en
ucc.workflow.supervisord.sheehan@ucc.ie
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