Future oceanic warming and acidification alter immune response and disease status in a commercial shellfish species, Mytilus edulis L.

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dc.contributor.authorMackenzie, Clara L.
dc.contributor.authorLynch, Sharon A.
dc.contributor.authorCulloty, Sarah C.
dc.contributor.authorMalham, Shelagh K.
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Commission
dc.date.accessioned2016-02-17T11:44:40Z
dc.date.available2016-02-17T11:44:40Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractIncreases in atmospheric carbon dioxide are leading to physical changes in marine environments including parallel decreases in ocean pH and increases in seawater temperature. This study examined the impacts of a six month exposure to combined decreased pH and increased temperature on the immune response and disease status in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis L. Results provide the first confirmation that exposure to future acidification and warming conditions via aquarium-based simulation may have parallel implications for bivalve health. Collectively, the data suggests that temperature more than pH may be the key driver affecting immune response in M. edulis. Data also suggests that both increases in temperature and/or lowered pH conditions may lead to changes in parasite abundance and diversity, pathological conditions, and bacterial incidence in M. edulis. These results have implications for future management of shellfish under a predicted climate change scenario and future sustainability of shellfisheries. Examination of the combined effects of two stressors over an extended exposure period provides key preliminary data and thus, this work represents a unique and vital contribution to current research efforts towards a collective understanding of expected near-future impacts of climate change on marine environments.en
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropean Commission (European Regional Development Fund Ireland Wales Programme 2007-13)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleide99712
dc.identifier.citationMackenzie CL, Lynch SA, Culloty SC, Malham SK (2014) Future Oceanic Warming and Acidification Alter Immune Response and Disease Status in a Commercial Shellfish Species, Mytilus edulis L. PLoS ONE 9(6): e99712. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099712
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0099712
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.issued6en
dc.identifier.journaltitlePLOS ONEen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/2336
dc.identifier.volume9en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dc.rights© 2015 Mackenzie et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are crediteden
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectAcid-base balanceen
dc.subjectHaliotis diversicolor supertextaen
dc.subjectOyster Crassostrea gigasen
dc.subjectClimate changeen
dc.subjectVibrio parahaemolyticusen
dc.subjectSeawater acidificationen
dc.subjectInfectious diseasesen
dc.subjectWater temperatureen
dc.subjectPerkinsus marinusen
dc.subjectBorne diseasesen
dc.titleFuture oceanic warming and acidification alter immune response and disease status in a commercial shellfish species, Mytilus edulis L.en
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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