A window beneath the skin: how computed tomography assessment of body composition can assist in the identification of hidden wasting conditions in oncology that profoundly impact outcomes?

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dc.contributor.authorDaly, Louise E.
dc.contributor.authorPrado, Carla M.
dc.contributor.authorRyan, Aoife M.
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2018-05-21T10:25:46Z
dc.date.available2018-05-21T10:25:46Z
dc.date.issued2018-05-10
dc.date.updated2018-05-18T10:57:02Z
dc.description.abstractAdvancements in image-based technologies and body composition research over the past decade has led to increased understanding of the importance of muscle abnormalities, such as low muscle mass (sarcopenia), and more recently low muscle attenuation (MA), as important prognostic indicators of unfavourable outcomes in patients with cancer. Muscle abnormalities can be highly prevalent in patients with cancer (ranging between 10 and 90 %), depending on the cohort under investigation and diagnostic criteria used. Importantly, both low muscle mass and low MA have been associated with poorer tolerance to chemotherapy, increased risk of post-operative infectious and non-infectious complications, increased length of hospital stay and poorer survival in patients with cancer. Studies have shown that systemic antineoplastic treatment can exacerbate losses in muscle mass and MA, with reported loss of skeletal muscle between 3 and 5 % per 100 d, which are increased exponentially with progressive disease and proximity to death. At present, no effective medical intervention to improve muscle mass and MA exists. Most research to date has focused on treating muscle depletion as part of the cachexia syndrome using nutritional, exercise and pharmacological interventions; however, these single-agent therapies have not provided promising results. Rehabilitation care to modify body composition, either increasing muscle mass and/or MA should be conducted, and its respective impact on oncology outcomes explored. Although the optimal timing and treatment strategy for preventing or delaying the development of muscle abnormalities are yet to be determined, multimodal interventions initiated early in the disease trajectory appear to hold the most promise.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationDaly, L. E., Prado, C. M. and Ryan, A. M. (2018) 'A window beneath the skin: how computed tomography assessment of body composition can assist in the identification of hidden wasting conditions in oncology that profoundly impact outcomes?', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 77(2), pp. 135-151. doi:10.1017/S0029665118000046en
dc.identifier.doi10.1017/S0029665118000046
dc.identifier.endpage151en
dc.identifier.issn0029-6651
dc.identifier.issn1475-2719
dc.identifier.issued2en
dc.identifier.journaltitleProceedings of the Nutrition Societyen
dc.identifier.startpage135en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/6149
dc.identifier.volume77en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherCambridge University Press on behalf of the Nutrition Societyen
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SFI/SFI Research Centres/12/RC/2273/IE/Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre (APC) - Interfacing Food & Medicine/en
dc.rights© 2018, the Authors. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Nutrition Society. All rights reserved.en
dc.subjectSarcopeniaen
dc.subjectMuscle attenuationen
dc.subjectCanceren
dc.subjectCachexiaen
dc.subjectBody compositionen
dc.subjectSurvivalen
dc.titleA window beneath the skin: how computed tomography assessment of body composition can assist in the identification of hidden wasting conditions in oncology that profoundly impact outcomes?en
dc.typeConference itemen
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