Beyond simple imaging with energetic beams – nanopatterning, correlative microscopy and statistical analysis of inclusions

Simple item page
dc.check.embargoformatNot applicableen
dc.check.infoNo embargo requireden
dc.check.opt-outNoen
dc.check.reasonNo embargo requireden
dc.check.typeNo Embargo Required
dc.contributor.advisorHolmes, Justin D.en
dc.contributor.advisorPetkov, Nikolayen
dc.contributor.authorSchmidt, Michael
dc.contributor.funderEnterprise Irelanden
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-23T11:09:03Z
dc.date.available2015-11-23T11:09:03Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.date.submitted2015
dc.description.abstractElectron microscopy (EM) has advanced in an exponential way since the first transmission electron microscope (TEM) was built in the 1930’s. The urge to ‘see’ things is an essential part of human nature (talk of ‘seeing is believing’) and apart from scanning tunnel microscopes which give information about the surface, EM is the only imaging technology capable of really visualising atomic structures in depth down to single atoms. With the development of nanotechnology the demand to image and analyse small things has become even greater and electron microscopes have found their way from highly delicate and sophisticated research grade instruments to key-turn and even bench-top instruments for everyday use in every materials research lab on the planet. The semiconductor industry is as dependent on the use of EM as life sciences and pharmaceutical industry. With this generalisation of use for imaging, the need to deploy advanced uses of EM has become more and more apparent. The combination of several coinciding beams (electron, ion and even light) to create DualBeam or TripleBeam instruments for instance enhances the usefulness from pure imaging to manipulating on the nanoscale. And when it comes to the analytic power of EM with the many ways the highly energetic electrons and ions interact with the matter in the specimen there is a plethora of niches which evolved during the last two decades, specialising in every kind of analysis that can be thought of and combined with EM. In the course of this study the emphasis was placed on the application of these advanced analytical EM techniques in the context of multiscale and multimodal microscopy – multiscale meaning across length scales from micrometres or larger to nanometres, multimodal meaning numerous techniques applied to the same sample volume in a correlative manner. In order to demonstrate the breadth and potential of the multiscale and multimodal concept an integration of it was attempted in two areas: I) Biocompatible materials using polycrystalline stainless steel and II) Semiconductors using thin multiferroic films. I) The motivation to use stainless steel (316L medical grade) comes from the potential modulation of endothelial cell growth which can have a big impact on the improvement of cardio-vascular stents – which are mainly made of 316L – through nano-texturing of the stent surface by focused ion beam (FIB) lithography. Patterning with FIB has never been reported before in connection with stents and cell growth and in order to gain a better understanding of the beam-substrate interaction during patterning a correlative microscopy approach was used to illuminate the patterning process from many possible angles. Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) was used to analyse the crystallographic structure, FIB was used for the patterning and simultaneously visualising the crystal structure as part of the monitoring process, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed to analyse the topography and the final step being 3D visualisation through serial FIB/SEM sectioning. II) The motivation for the use of thin multiferroic films stems from the ever-growing demand for increased data storage at lesser and lesser energy consumption. The Aurivillius phase material used in this study has a high potential in this area. Yet it is necessary to show clearly that the film is really multiferroic and no second phase inclusions are present even at very low concentrations – ~0.1vol% could already be problematic. Thus, in this study a technique was developed to analyse ultra-low density inclusions in thin multiferroic films down to concentrations of 0.01%. The goal achieved was a complete structural and compositional analysis of the films which required identification of second phase inclusions (through elemental analysis EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray)), localise them (employing 72 hour EDX mapping in the SEM), isolate them for the TEM (using FIB) and give an upper confidence limit of 99.5% to the influence of the inclusions on the magnetic behaviour of the main phase (statistical analysis).en
dc.description.sponsorshipEnterprise Ireland (IP/2011/0130)en
dc.description.statusNot peer revieweden
dc.description.versionAccepted Version
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationSchmidt, M. 2015. Beyond simple imaging with energetic beams – nanopatterning, correlative microscopy and statistical analysis of inclusions. PhD Thesis, University College Cork.en
dc.identifier.endpage137
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/2085
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherUniversity College Corken
dc.rights© 2015, Michael Schmidt.en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/en
dc.subjectStentsen
dc.subjectMultiscaleen
dc.subjectMultimodalen
dc.subjectMultiferroicsen
dc.subjectAurivillius phase materialsen
dc.subjectPerovskitesen
dc.subjectCatalysisen
dc.subjectThin filmsen
dc.subjectTrace analysisen
dc.subjectSurface patterningen
dc.subjectElectron microscopyen
dc.subjectStatistical analysisen
dc.subjectNanopatterned stainless steelen
dc.subjectCorrelative microscopyen
dc.subjectSerial sectioning FIB-SEMen
dc.subjectSecond phase inclusionsen
dc.subjectFocused ion beam (FIB)en
dc.subjectEnergy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS)en
dc.subjectTransmission electron microscopy (TEM)en
dc.subjectHigh-index faceted palladium (Pd) nanoparticlesen
dc.thesis.opt-outfalse
dc.titleBeyond simple imaging with energetic beams – nanopatterning, correlative microscopy and statistical analysis of inclusionsen
dc.typeDoctoral thesisen
dc.type.qualificationlevelDoctoralen
dc.type.qualificationnamePhD (Science)en
ucc.workflow.supervisorj.holmes@ucc.ie
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
Abstract_PhD thesis_Michael Schmidt_2015.pdf
Size:
62.03 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Abstract
Thumbnail Image
Name:
PhD thesis Michael Schmidt May2015_CORA.pdf
Size:
13.32 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Full Text E-Thesis
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
5.62 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Doctoral Theses
Chemistry - Doctoral Theses
College of Science, Engineering and Food Science - Doctoral Theses
Tyndall National Institute - Doctoral Theses