Stress & the gut-brain axis: regulation by the microbiome

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dc.contributor.authorFoster, Jane A.
dc.contributor.authorRinaman, Linda
dc.contributor.authorCryan, John F.
dc.contributor.funderOntario Brain Instituteen
dc.contributor.funderNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canadaen
dc.contributor.funderNational Institutes of Healthen
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderDepartment of Agriculture, Food and the Marineen
dc.contributor.funderHorizon 2020en
dc.contributor.funderMead Johnson Nutritionen
dc.contributor.funderSuntory Wellnessen
dc.contributor.funder4D Pharmaen
dc.contributor.funderNutricia Research Foundationen
dc.contributor.funderCremoen
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-31T13:17:17Z
dc.date.available2018-01-31T13:17:17Z
dc.date.issued2017-03-19
dc.description.abstractThe importance of the gut–brain axis in regulating stress-related responses has long been appreciated. More recently, the microbiota has emerged as a key player in the control of this axis, especially during conditions of stress provoked by real or perceived homeostatic challenge. Diet is one of the most important modifying factors of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The routes of communication between the microbiota and brain are slowly being unravelled, and include the vagus nerve, gut hormone signaling, the immune system, tryptophan metabolism, and microbial metabolites such as short chain fatty acids. The importance of the early life gut microbiota in shaping later health outcomes also is emerging. Results from preclinical studies indicate that alterations of the early microbial composition by way of antibiotic exposure, lack of breastfeeding, birth by Caesarean section, infection, stress exposure, and other environmental influences - coupled with the influence of host genetics - can result in long-term modulation of stress-related physiology and behaviour. The gut microbiota has been implicated in a variety of stress-related conditions including anxiety, depression and irritable bowel syndrome, although this is largely based on animal studies or correlative analysis in patient populations. Additional research in humans is sorely needed to reveal the relative impact and causal contribution of the microbiome to stress-related disorders. In this regard, the concept of psychobiotics is being developed and refined to encompass methods of targeting the microbiota in order to positively impact mental health outcomes. At the 2016 Neurobiology of Stress Workshop in Newport Beach, CA, a group of experts presented the symposium “The Microbiome: Development, Stress, and Disease”. This report summarizes and builds upon some of the key concepts in that symposium within the context of how microbiota might influence the neurobiology of stress.en
dc.description.sponsorshipOntario Brain Institute (RGPIN-312435-12); NSERC (RGPIN-312435-12); National Institutes of Health (MH059911); National Institutes of Health (DK100685)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationFoster, J. A., Rinaman, L. and Cryan, J. F. (2017) 'Stress & the gut-brain axis: Regulation by the microbiome', Neurobiology of Stress, 7, pp. 124-136. DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2017.03.001en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ynstr.2017.03.001
dc.identifier.endpage136en
dc.identifier.issn2352-2895
dc.identifier.journaltitleNeurobiology of Stressen
dc.identifier.startpage124en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/5358
dc.identifier.volume7en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020::CSA/696300/EU/The second coordination and support action for the JPI Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life/CSA JPI HDHL 2.0en
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SFI/SFI Centre for Science Engineering and Technology (CSET)/07/CE/B1368/IE/CSET APC: Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre - Second Term Funding/en
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SFI/SFI Research Centres/12/RC/2273/IE/Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre (APC) - Interfacing Food & Medicine/en
dc.relation.urihttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352289516300509
dc.rights© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectGut microbiomeen
dc.subjectGut microbiota and stress-related behavioursen
dc.subjectMicrobiome and central stress effectsen
dc.subjectGut-brain axisen
dc.subjectStress-related disorders and the microbiome-gut-brain axisen
dc.subjectHigh-fat diet, stress, and the gut microbiomeen
dc.titleStress & the gut-brain axis: regulation by the microbiomeen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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