The seaweeds Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum are significant contributors to coastal iodine emissions

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dc.contributor.authorHuang, R. J.
dc.contributor.authorThorenz, U. R.
dc.contributor.authorKundel, M.
dc.contributor.authorVenables, Dean S.
dc.contributor.authorCeburnis, D.
dc.contributor.authorHo, K. F.
dc.contributor.authorChen, Jun
dc.contributor.authorVogel, A. L.
dc.contributor.authorKüpper, F. C.
dc.contributor.authorSmyth, P. P. A.
dc.contributor.authorNitschke, Udo
dc.contributor.authorStengel, D. B.
dc.contributor.authorBerresheim, H.
dc.contributor.authorO'Dowd, Colin D.
dc.contributor.authorHoffmann, T.
dc.contributor.funderIrish Research Council for Science Engineering and Technologyen
dc.contributor.funderScience Foundation Irelanden
dc.contributor.funderGerman Research Foundationde
dc.contributor.funderEuropean Commissionen
dc.date.accessioned2014-01-08T15:42:40Z
dc.date.available2014-01-08T15:42:40Z
dc.date.copyright2013
dc.date.issued2013-05-27
dc.date.updated2013-08-15T11:54:41Z
dc.description.abstractBased on the results of a pilot study in 2007, which found high mixing ratios of molecular iodine (I2) above the intertidal macroalgae (seaweed) beds at Mweenish Bay (Ireland), we extended the study to nine different locations in the vicinity of Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station on the west coast of Ireland during a field campaign in 2009. The mean values of \chem{I_2} mixing ratio found above the macroalgae beds at nine different locations ranged from 104 to 393 ppt, implying a high source strength of I2. Such mixing ratios are sufficient to result in photochemically driven coastal new-particle formation events. Mixing ratios above the Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus beds increased with exposure time: after 6 h exposure to ambient air the mixing ratios were one order of magnitude higher than those initially present. This contrasts with the emission characteristics of Laminaria digitata, where most I2 was emitted within the first half hour of exposure. Discrete in situ measurements (offline) of I2 emission from ambient air-exposed chamber experiments of L. digitata, A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus substantially supported the field observations. Further online and time-resolved measurements of the I2 emission from O3-exposed macroalgal experiments in a chamber confirmed the distinct I2 emission characteristics of A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus compared to those of L. digitata. The emission rates of A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus were comparable to or even higher than L. digitata after the initial exposure period of ~20–30 min. We suggest that A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus may provide an important source of photolabile iodine in the coastal boundary layer and that their impact on photochemistry and coastal new-particle formation should be reevaluated in light of their longer exposure at low tide and their widespread distribution.en
dc.description.sponsorshipGerman Research Foundation - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Germany (graduate program 826 “Trace Analysis of Elemental Species: Development of Methods and Applications”); ScienceFoundation Ireland (09/RFP/CAP2509); European Commission (EU-ASSEMBLE framework.)en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationHuang, R.-J., Thorenz, U. R., Kundel, M., Venables, D. S., Ceburnis, D., Ho, K. F., Chen, J., Vogel, A. L., Küpper, F. C., Smyth, P. P. A., Nitschke, U., Stengel, D. B., Berresheim, H., O'Dowd, C. D., and Hoffmann, T.: The seaweeds Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum are significant contributors to coastal iodine emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5255-5264, doi:10.5194/acp-13-5255-2013, 2013.en
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/acp-13-5255-2013
dc.identifier.endpage5264en
dc.identifier.issn1680-7324
dc.identifier.journaltitleAtmospheric Chemistry and Physicsen
dc.identifier.startpage5255en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/1296
dc.identifier.volume13en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherCopernicus Publicationsen
dc.relation.urihttp://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/5255/2013/
dc.rights© Author(s) 2013. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/en
dc.subjectAtmosphereen
dc.subjectSeaweeden
dc.subjectMacroalgaeen
dc.subject.lcshIodineen
dc.subject.lcshFucus vesiculosusen
dc.subject.lcshAscophyllum nodosumen
dc.subject.lcshMarine algaeen
dc.titleThe seaweeds Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum are significant contributors to coastal iodine emissionsen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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