The impact of caesarean section on the risk of childhood overweight and obesity: new evidence from a contemporary cohort study

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dc.contributor.authorMasukume, Gwinyai
dc.contributor.authorO'Neill, Sinéad M.
dc.contributor.authorBaker, Philip N.
dc.contributor.authorKenny, Louise C.
dc.contributor.authorMorton, Susan M. B.
dc.contributor.authorKhashan, Ali S.
dc.contributor.funderDepartment of Children and Youth Affairsen
dc.contributor.funderTrinity College Dublinen
dc.contributor.funderEconomic and Social Research Instituteen
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-01T05:08:04Z
dc.date.available2019-10-01T05:08:04Z
dc.date.issued2018-10-11
dc.description.abstractCaesarean section (CS) rates are increasing globally and exceed 50% in some countries. Childhood obesity has been linked to CS via lack of exposure to vaginal microflora although the literature is inconsistent. We investigated the association between CS birth and the risk of childhood obesity using the nationally representative Growing-Up-in-Ireland (GUI) cohort. The GUI study recruited randomly 11134 infants. The exposure was categorised into normal vaginal birth (VD) [reference], assisted VD, elective (planned) CS and emergency (unplanned) CS. The primary outcome measure was obesity defined according to the International Obesity Taskforce criteria. Statistical analysis included multinomial logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders. Infants delivered by elective CS had an adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) = 1.32; [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.74] of being obese at age three years. This association was attenuated when macrosomic children were excluded (aRRR = 0.99; [95% CI 0.67–1.45]). Infants delivered by emergency CS had an increased risk of obesity aRRR = 1.56; [95% CI 1.20–2.03]; this association remained after excluding macrosomic children. We found insufficient evidence to support a causal relationship between elective CS and childhood obesity. An increased risk of obesity in children born by emergency CS, but not elective, suggests that there is no causal effect due to vaginal microflora.en
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.description.versionPublished Versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.articleid15113en
dc.identifier.citationMasukume, G., O’Neill, S.M., Baker, P.N., Kenny, L.C., Morton, S.M. and Khashan, A.S., 2018. The Impact of Caesarean Section on the Risk of Childhood Overweight and Obesity: New Evidence from a Contemporary Cohort Study. Scientific reports, 8(1),(15113). DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-33482-zen
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41598-018-33482-zen
dc.identifier.endpage9en
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322
dc.identifier.issued1en
dc.identifier.journaltitleScientific Reportsen
dc.identifier.startpage1en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/8637
dc.identifier.volume8en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherSpringer Nature Ltden
dc.relation.projectinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SFI/SFI Research Centres/12/RC/2272/IE/Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT)/en
dc.relation.urihttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-33482-z
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2018en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectCaesarean section (CS)en
dc.subjectChildhood obesityen
dc.subjectVaginal microfloraen
dc.titleThe impact of caesarean section on the risk of childhood overweight and obesity: new evidence from a contemporary cohort studyen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)en
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