dc.contributor.author	Mueller, Anneliese
dc.contributor.author	Rychli, Kathrin
dc.contributor.author	Muhterem-Uyar, Meryem
dc.contributor.author	Zaiser, Andreas
dc.contributor.author	Stessl, Beatrix
dc.contributor.author	Guinane, Caitriona M.
dc.contributor.author	Cotter, Paul D.
dc.contributor.author	Wagner, Martin
dc.contributor.author	Schmitz-Esser, Stephan
dc.contributor.funder	Austrian Science Fund	en
dc.contributor.funder	European Commission	en
dc.date.accessioned	2016-02-17T11:45:32Z
dc.date.available	2016-02-17T11:45:32Z
dc.date.issued	2013
dc.description.abstract	Controlling the food-borne pathogen Listeria (L.) monocytogenes is of great importance from a food safety perspective, and thus for human health. The consequences of failures in this regard have been exemplified by recent large listeriosis outbreaks in the USA and Europe. It is thus particularly notable that tolerance to quaternary ammonium compounds such as benzalkonium chloride (BC) has been observed in many L. monocytogenes strains. However, the molecular determinants and mechanisms of BC tolerance of L. monocytogenes are still largely unknown. Here we describe Tn6188, a novel transposon in L. monocytogenes conferring tolerance to BC. Tn6188 is related to Tn554 from Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and other Tn554-like transposons such as Tn558, Tn559 and Tn5406 found in various Firmicutes. Tn6188 comprises 5117 bp, is integrated chromosomally within the radC gene and consists of three transposase genes (tnpABC) as well as genes encoding a putative transcriptional regulator and QacH, a small multidrug resistance protein family (SMR) transporter putatively associated with export of BC that shows high amino acid identity to Smr/QacC from S. aureus and to EmrE from Escherichia coli. We screened 91 L. monocytogenes strains for the presence of Tn6188 by PCR and found Tn6188 in 10 of the analyzed strains. These isolates were from food and food processing environments and predominantly from serovar 1/2a. L. monocytogenes strains harboring Tn6188 had significantly higher BC minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (28.5 +/- 4.7 mg/l) than strains without Tn6188 (14 +/- 3.2 mg/l). Using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR we could show a significant increase in qacH expression in the presence of BC. QacH deletion mutants were generated in two L. monocytogenes strains and growth analysis revealed that Delta qacH strains had lower BC MICs than wildtype strains. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that Tn6188 is responsible for BC tolerance in various L. monocytogenes strains.	en
dc.description.sponsorship	Austrian Science Fund (FWF grant no. P22703‐B17); European Commission EU BIOTRACER (contract no. 036272), EU grant FP7‐KBBE‐2010‐4 (FOODSEG))	en
dc.description.status	Peer reviewed	en
dc.description.version	Published Version	en
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	en
dc.identifier.articleid	e76835
dc.identifier.citation	Müller A, Rychli K, Muhterem-Uyar M, Zaiser A, Stessl B, Guinane CM, et al. (2013) Tn6188 - A Novel Transposon in Listeria monocytogenes Responsible for Tolerance to Benzalkonium Chloride. PLoS ONE 8(10): e76835. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076835	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1371/journal.pone.0076835
dc.identifier.issn	1932-6203
dc.identifier.issued	10	en
dc.identifier.journaltitle	PLOS ONE	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/10468/2364
dc.identifier.volume	8	en
dc.language.iso	en	en
dc.publisher	Public Library of Science	en
dc.rights	© 2013 Müller et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited	en
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	en
dc.subject	Quaternary ammonium compounds	en
dc.subject	Plasmid-borne cadmium	en
dc.subject	Staphylococcus aureus	en
dc.subject	Multidrug resistance	en
dc.subject	Processing environment	en
dc.subject	Comparative genomics	en
dc.subject	Escherichia coli	en
dc.subject	Gene	en
dc.subject	Outbreak	en
dc.subject	Disinfectants	en
dc.title	Tn6188 - a novel transposon in Listeria monocytogenes responsible for tolerance to benzalkonium chloride	en
dc.type	Article (peer-reviewed)	en

Tn6188 - a novel transposon in Listeria monocytogenes responsible for tolerance to benzalkonium chloride

Files

Original bundle

Collections