Short-chain fatty acids: microbial metabolites that alleviate stress-induced brain–gut axis alterations
Loading...
Files
Accepted version
Date
2018-07-01
Authors
van de Wouw, Marcel
Boehme, Marcus
Lyte, Joshua M.
Wiley, Niamh
Strain, Conall R.
O'Sullivan, Orla
Clarke, Gerard
Stanton, Catherine
Dinan, Timothy G.
Cryan, John F.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wiley
Published Version
Abstract
There is a growing recognition of the involvement of the gastrointestinal microbiota in the regulation of physiology and behaviour. Microbiota‐derived metabolites play a central role in the communication between microbes and their host, with short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) being perhaps the most studied. SCFAs are primarily derived from fermentation of dietary fibres and play a pivotal role in host gut, metabolic and immune function. All these factors have previously been demonstrated to be adversely affected by stress. Therefore, we sought to assess whether SCFA supplementation could counteract the enduring effects of chronic psychosocial stress. C57BL/6J male mice received oral supplementation of a mixture of the three principle SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate). One week later, mice underwent 3 weeks of repeated psychosocial stress, followed by a comprehensive behavioural analysis. Finally, plasma corticosterone, faecal SCFAs and caecal microbiota composition were assessed. SCFA treatment alleviated psychosocial stress‐induced alterations in reward‐seeking behaviour, and increased responsiveness to an acute stressor and in vivo intestinal permeability. In addition, SCFAs exhibited behavioural test‐specific antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, which were not present when mice had also undergone psychosocial stress. Stress‐induced increases in body weight gain, faecal SCFAs and the colonic gene expression of the SCFA receptors free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3 remained unaffected by SCFA supplementation. Moreover, there were no collateral effects on caecal microbiota composition. Taken together, these data show that SCFA supplementation alleviates selective and enduring alterations induced by repeated psychosocial stress and these data may inform future research into microbiota‐targeted therapies for stress‐related disorders.
Description
Keywords
Gut microbiota , Behaviour , Chronic stress
Citation
van de Wouw, M., Boehme, M., Lyte, J. M., Wiley, N., Strain, C., O'Sullivan, O., Clarke, G., Stanton, C., Dinan, T. G. and Cryan, J. F. (2018) 'Short-chain fatty acids: microbial metabolites that alleviate stress-induced brain–gut axis alterations', The Journal of Physiology, 596(20), pp. 4923-4944. doi: 10.1113/jp276431
Link to publisher’s version
Copyright
© 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2018 The Physiological Society; This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: (2018), Short‐chain fatty acids: microbial metabolites that alleviate stress‐induced brain–gut axis alterations. J Physiol, 596: 4923-4944, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1113/JP276431 . This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.