Carbon fibre cloth-supported iridium oxide/polyaniline bilayer electrode for solid-state potentiometric pH sensing

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dc.contributor.authorRasel, Md
dc.contributor.authorJamal, Mamun
dc.contributor.authorPadmanathan, N.
dc.contributor.authorRazeeb, Kafil M.
dc.contributor.funderUniversity Grants Commission of Bangladesh
dc.contributor.funderMinistry of Science & Technology of Bangladesh
dc.contributor.funderKhulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET)
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-09T11:18:01Z
dc.date.available2026-09-09T11:18:01Z
dc.date.issued2026-07-23
dc.description.abstractIn this work, a stable solid-state potentiometric pH sensor was developed by integrating an iridium oxide/polyaniline (IrO2/PANI) bilayer onto conductive carbon fibre cloth (CFC). The resulting IrO2/PANI/CFC electrode was fabricated through sequential PANI electropolymerization followed by IrO2 electrodeposition, forming a binder free hybrid interface that combines the proton responsive conductivity of PANI with hydrated/hydroxylated proton active iridium oxide sites. Morphological, elemental, vibrational, and surface chemical analyses confirmed the successful formation of the IrO2/PANI sensing layer on the CFC substrate. The electrode exhibited a near-Nernstian response over pH 3–11, with a sensitivity of 58.4 ± 0.9 mV pH−1, good linearity and an estimated pH resolution of approximately 0.01 pH unit. During continuous pH adjustment in Britton–Robinson buffer from pH 4.5 to 11.1, the electrode maintained a comparable sensitivity of 56.8 ± 1.1 mV pH−1 without removing or washing the sensor. The electrode also showed limited interference from common cations, reversible pH tracking behaviour, acceptable short-term drift and 96.3% sensitivity retention after 45 days of repeated measurement and storage. Real-sample analysis of vinegar, orange juice, and baking powder solution showed good agreement with a commercial glass membrane pH meter. These results demonstrate the potential of IrO2/PANI/CFC as a low-cost platform for stable potentiometric pH sensing in practical sample environments.en
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity Grant Commission of Bangladesh|Phy Sci-38-2023-24
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistry of Science & Technology of Bangladesh|SRG-252361
dc.description.versionPublished Version
dc.format.extent12
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.authororcidRasel, Md
dc.identifier.authororcidJamal, Mamun
dc.identifier.authororcidPadmanathan, N.
dc.identifier.authororcidRazeeb, Kafil M.§0000-0001-9360-9277
dc.identifier.citationRasel, M, Jamal, M, Padmanathan, N & Razeeb, K M 2026, 'Carbon fibre cloth-supported iridium oxide/polyaniline bilayer electrode for solid-state potentiometric pH sensing', RSC Advances, vol. 16, no. 38, pp. 42528-42539. https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra05424b
dc.identifier.doi10.1039/d6ra05424b
dc.identifier.endpage42539
dc.identifier.issn2046-2069
dc.identifier.issued38
dc.identifier.journaltitleRSC Advances
dc.identifier.startpage42528
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10468/19206
dc.identifier.volume16
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherRoyal Society of Chemistry
dc.relation.urihttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105046215353
dc.rights© 2026, the Author(s). Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.
dc.rights.accessrightsopen access
dc.rights.licensenameAttribution 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.statusPeer reviewed
dc.subjectStable solid-state potentiometric pH sensor
dc.subject[TyndallIPES]
dc.subjectBilayer
dc.subjectPolyaniline (PANI)
dc.subjectIridium oxide (IrO2)
dc.subjectConductive carbon fiber cloth (CFC)
dc.titleCarbon fibre cloth-supported iridium oxide/polyaniline bilayer electrode for solid-state potentiometric pH sensingen
dc.typeArticle (peer-reviewed)
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