Summary outcomes of the ODIN project on food fortification for vitamin D deficiency prevention
| dc.contributor.author | Kiely, Mairead E. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Cashman, Kevin D. | |
| dc.contributor.funder | European Commission | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-09-09T11:51:50Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-09-09T11:51:50Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2018-10-24 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Food-based solutions for optimal vitamin D nutrition and health through the life cycle (ODIN) was a cross-disciplinary, collaborative project, including 30 partners from 19 countries, which aimed to develop evidence-based solutions to prevent low vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 30 nmol/L) using a food-first approach. This paper provides a summary overview of some of the important ODIN outcomes and outlines some outstanding data requirements. In a study of almost 56,000 individuals, the first internationally standardised dataset of vitamin D status showed that 13% of EU residents overall, across a latitude gradient of 35° N to 69° N, had serum 25(OH)D < 30 nmol/L and 40% were < 50 nmol/L. The risk of low vitamin D status was several-fold higher among persons of ethnic minority. However, additional data from quality bio-banked sera would be required to improve these estimates. To address the question of dietary requirements for vitamin D among under-researched life-stage and population groups, four dose-response RCTs conducted in Northern Europe showed that vitamin D3 intakes of 8 and 13 μg/day prevented 25(OH)D decreasing below 30 nmol/L in white children and adolescents and 20 and 30 μg/day, respectively, achieved ≥50 nmol/L. Among white women during pregnancy, 30 μg/day is required to prevent umbilical cord 25(OH)D, representing new-born vitamin D status, below 25 nmol/L. While 8 μg/day protected white women in Finland at the 30 nmol/L cut-off, 18 μg/day was needed by women of East African descent to prevent 25(OH)D decreasing below 30 nmol/L during wintertime. Replicate RCTs are needed in young children <5 years and in school-age children, teens and pregnant women of ethnic minority. Using a series of food production studies, food-based RCTs and dietary modelling experiments, ODIN research shows that diverse fortification strategies could safely increase population intakes and prevent low vitamin D status. Building on this solid technological platform, implementation research is now warranted to scale up interventions in real-world settings to eradicate vitamin D deficiency. | en |
| dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | en |
| dc.description.version | Published Version | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.articleid | 2342 | en |
| dc.identifier.citation | Kiely, M. and Cashman, K., 2018. Summary outcomes of the odin project on food fortification for vitamin D deficiency prevention. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(11), (2342). DOI:10.3390/ijerph15112342 | en |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/ijerph15112342 | en |
| dc.identifier.eissn | 1660-4601 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 1661-7827 | |
| dc.identifier.issued | 11 | en |
| dc.identifier.journaltitle | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10468/8483 | |
| dc.identifier.volume | 15 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | MDPI | en |
| dc.relation.project | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7::SP1::KBBE/613977/EU/Food-based solutions for Optimal vitamin D Nutrition and health through the life cycle/ODIN | en |
| dc.relation.uri | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/11/2342 | |
| dc.rights | © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. | en |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en |
| dc.subject | Vitamin D | en |
| dc.subject | 25-hydroxyvitamin D | en |
| dc.subject | Food fortification | en |
| dc.subject | Dietary requirements | en |
| dc.subject | Dietary modelling | en |
| dc.subject | Biofortification | en |
| dc.title | Summary outcomes of the ODIN project on food fortification for vitamin D deficiency prevention | en |
| dc.type | Article (peer-reviewed) | en |
